Self‐harm in a mixed clinical population: The roles of self‐criticism, shame, and social rank

Abstract

This study adds to a growing literature on the importance of recognizing the pathogenic effects of negative self-critical thoughts and feelings about the self and the value of distinguishing different types of self-criticism.

Dyslexia: Investigating Self-Harm and Suicidal Thoughts/Attempts as a Coping Strategy

“…SANE [42] a leading UK mental health charity, and Gilbert et al [43] describes self-harm as being often:…”

Shame and resilience among Pakeha New Zealanders

“…A wealth of research links shame to debilitating psycho-social problems such as depression (Gilbert et al, 2010), post-traumatic stress disorder (Beck et al, 2011), and borderline personality disorder (Peters, Geiger, Smart, & Baer, 2014). The long term struggles that people with many of these diagnoses suffer from serve to illustrate shame as an enduring problem for many people.…”

Psychosocial Functioning in Bipolar Disorder from a Social Justice Perspective

“…These emotions may be triggered when people perceive themselves to be at risk of social exclusion due to not meeting societal norms or losing social rank (Cheung et al, 2004;Gilbert & Procter, 2006). Further, ongoing criticism or stigmatization of a person may result in the internalization of these devaluations as trait or internal shame, key elements of which are chronic self-invalidation, self-criticism and self-blame (Cheung et al, 2004;Gilbert, 1992Gilbert, , 2002Gilbert & Procter, 2006;Gilbert et al, 2010;Miklowitz & Johnson, 2009). Trait shame is strongly associated with avoidance (J. P. Tangney & Dearing, 2002) and social anxiety , and all three are known as core emotional and behavioral components of internalized stigma (Birchwood et al, 2007;Perlick et al, 2001; N. Rusch et al, 2006;N.…”

“…Mindfulness-based interventions increase nonjudgmental awareness and acceptance of thoughts and feelings, which allow people to better regulate these internal www.intechopen.com experiences (Luoma et al, 2008). Thus, these therapies may be suitable for decreasing the chronic, automatic self-criticism that emanates from internalized stigma and impedes functioning (Gilbert et al, 2010). Some studies show that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT; Weber et al, 2010;Williams et al, 2008) raised levels of treatment adherence while diminishing stress, anxiety, depression and relapse in BD, all of which improved functioning (Bonvalot et al, 2010;Miklowitz & Johnson, 2009;Richardson, 2010).…”