Self-Expandable Metallic Airway Stents and Flexible Bronchoscopy *

Stents Are Associated With Increased Risk of Respiratory Infections in Patients Undergoing Airway Interventions for Malignant Airways Disease

“…Most other studies of infection in patients undergoing therapeutic bronchoscopy have used incidence proportions. [3][4][5][6][7][8][12][13][14] As we have shown in our previous work, incidence proportions have signifi cant limitations when used to analyze long-term complications; the incidence rate is a more appropriate measurement because it measures events per persontime at risk. 9 An additional benefi t of using survival analysis methods with time-varying covariates is that we can control for factors that vary over time, such as the degree of airway obstruction and stent removal.…”

Complications Following Therapeutic Bronchoscopy for Malignant Central Airway Obstruction

“…Prior studies of therapeutic bronchoscopy for central airway obstruction [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] have included both malignant and benign cases, and most were done retrospectively, although some have focused on malignant disease. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Reported complication rates are low, but complications and outcomes diff er signifi cantly depending on the indication for the procedure (ie, malignant vs benign disease, isolated hemoptysis vs central airway obstruction), and in most studies, signifi cant heterogeneity existed in terms of patient population and indications.…”

Implantation of Metallic Stent Under Direct Visualization of Flexible Bronchoscope Without Fluoroscopic Guidance on Orotracheal Intubated Patients

“…The placement of a silicon stent requires rigid bronchoscopy, which refrains it from wide use. Flexible bronchoscopy is becoming popular in metallic stent implantation [17][18][19][20] . However, because of its connection to the ventilator, rigid bronchoscopy is more appropriate for stent implantation in those patients whose airway stenosis is so severe that they cannot respire sufficiently without ventilator support.…”