Self-etching dental adhesive containing a natural essential oil: anti-biofouling performance and mechanical properties

Abstract

This study assessed the anti-biofouling performance of an experimental adhesive system containing a naturally occurring essential vegetable oil and examined the following physical and mechanical properties: water sorption (WS) and solubility (SL), microtensile bond strength to dentin (μTBS), and degree of conversion. The following six groups were tested: a self-etching experimental adhesive containing refined essential oil from the seeds of the Butia capitata tree (EA O ); an oil-free version of the experimental adhesive (EA NO ); one group without adhesive as the control (C); and the three following commercial self-etching adhesives: Clearfil Protect Bond (CPB), Clearfil SE Bond, and Adper SE Plus. The antibacterial effect was estimated by microbiological culture on selective/non-selective media, and the results expressed as colony-forming units per unit weight of dry biofilm (CFU mg À1). The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05). After 24 h, pH changes were similar in the storage medium of all tested adhesive systems. EA O showed similar levels of antimicrobial activity in a model biofilm microcosm as the commercial self-etching adhesive CPB. Both were effective against total microorganisms, aciduric bacteria, lactobacilli, and Streptococcus mutans. WS and SL were not affected by the presence of the essential oil; the values of EA O were similar to or less than those of commercial equivalents. The incorporation of an essential oil into an experimental adhesive did not influence its monomer conversion result. Immediate μTBS values of EA O and EA NO were similar and were greater than those of commercial equivalents. After storage for 6 months, the μTBS of the EA O decreased significantly and became similar to the values of commercial equivalents, while the strength of the EA NO was not affected.

Influence of the Inoculum Source on the Cariogenicity of in vitro Microcosm Biofilms

“…Our results also show that depending on the research purpose of a microcosm study, that is, to test the effect of antibacterial material in a high cariogenic challenge environment [Zhang et al, 2012;Peralta et al, 2013;Borges et al, 2014], the choice of the type or source of inoculum is not a major factor that will influence the outcome of the study. In such cases a methodology for easier handling should be chosen.…”

“…In addition, the dental plaque samples were collected from specific sites, that is, from the surfaces of active white-spot caries lesions and from the correspondent locations in sound surfaces. The current methodology has been widely used in caries-related studies Peralta et al, 2013;Azevedo et al, 2014;Borges et al, 2014;Kuper et al, 2014;Maske et al, 2014]. Therefore the retrieved results contribute to the understanding of the influence of the inoculum source on the cariogenicity of biofilms grown under standardized conditions in a biofilm model.…”

The Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Butia sp.: A Systematic Review and an Overview of the Technological Monitoring Process

“…The existing compounds in the Butia eriosphata fruit were gallic acid derivatives, protocatechuic acid derivatives, caffeic acid derivatives, chlorogenic acid derivatives, isoquercitrin, quercetin derivatives, hyperoside, and rutin (Denardin et al ., ). Peralta et al () evaluated the oil of Butia capitata , which indicated a composition of 24% of unsaturated fatty acids and 76% of saturated fatty acids. In the fruits, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, unsaturated fatty acids, and the presence of linoleic acid, which was considered essential in food (Pereira et al ., ), were reported.…”

“… Antimicrobial activity: Peralta et al . () investigated and compared the antimicrobial effect of an experimental self‐adhesive resin that contained oil derived from B. capitata seeds rather than the commercial self‐etching adhesives, since having been claimed to possess antimicrobial component in its formulation. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity in a microcosm biofilm model, and physical and mechanical tests of the final product were also reported.…”

“…It offers fruits of smooth and fibrous epicarp, fleshy and fibrous mesocarp, and dark brown woody endocarp with one to two locules and one to two seeds (Faria et al, 2008). Their fruits are known as Butia or coquinho azedo, being edible and popularly used for the preparation of jelly, juices, ice cream, and liquor, and their leaves are used in handicrafts (Büttow et al, 2009;Peralta et al, 2013;Pereira et al, 2013;Aguiar et al, 2014;Ammar et al, 2014).…”