Self-esteem, cortisol reactivity, and depressed mood mediated by perceptions of control

Scarpa, Angela; Luscher, Kristen A.

doi:10.1016/s0301-0511(01)00130-2

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Yet, the divergence of our findings from a portion of past literature (Metalsky et al, 1993;Scarpa & Luscher, 2002) may reflect our conceptualization of executive self and negative affectivity, or it may reflect the cross-sectional nature of the Study 1. The cross-sectional, self-report nature of our study constrains our ability to make causal conclusions from these results.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Executive Self, Self-Esteem, and Negative Affectivity: Relations at the Phenotypic and Genotypic Level.

Neiss¹,

Stevenson²,

Sedikides³

et al. 2005

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Complementary approaches examined the relations among executive self, self-esteem, and negative affectivity. A cross-sectional (N ϭ 4,242) and a longitudinal (N ϭ 158) study established that self-esteem mediated the relation between executive self and negative affectivity. A 3rd study (N ϭ 878 twin pairs) replicated this pattern and examined genetic and environmental influences underlying all 3 phenotypes. Covariation among the 3 phenotypes reflected largely common genetic influences, although unique genetic effects explained variability in both executive self and negative affectivity. Executive self was influenced by shared environmental influences unique from those affecting self-esteem and negative affectivity. Nonshared environmental influences accounted for the majority of variance in each construct and were primarily unique to each. The unique genetic and nonshared environmental influences support the proposition that the executive self, self-esteem, and negative affectivity capture distinct and important differences between people.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Executive Self, Self-Esteem, and Negative Affectivity: Relations at the Phenotypic and Genotypic Level.

Neiss¹,

Stevenson²,

Sedikides³

et al. 2005

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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show abstract

“…The literature has shown that exposure to stressful stimuli (e.g., cold, high altitude; physical activity; reduced oxygen) increases stress hormone levels (20), and elevations in stress hormones have been associated with negative mood states (21)(22)(23). However, the literature is not so clear on how rapidly adaptation to stress ablates after removal of the stressful stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative mood endures after completion of high-altitude military training

Bardwell

Ensign

Mills

2005

Annals of Behavioral Medicine

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“…More specifically, biological variables that have been associated with low self-esteem and depression include reduced hippocampal volume (Pruessner et al, 2005), higher cortisol stress response (Pruessner, Hellhammer, & Kirschbaum, 1999), specific patterns of prefrontal electroencephalography alpha activity (De Raedt, Franck, Fannes, & Verstraeten, 2008;Putnam & McSweeney, 2008), variations in the oxytocin receptor gene (Saphire-Bernstein et al, 2011), and reduced cardiac vagal tone (Martens, Greenberg, & Allen, 2008). Future research should examine whether these factors contribute (e.g., as third variables, moderators, or mediators) to the explanation of the effect of low self-esteem on depression (for an example, see Scarpa & Luscher, 2002). We can only speculate as to why depression and anxiety are differentially linked to low self-esteem.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

Sowislo¹,

Orth²

2013

Psychological Bulletin

1,595

128

1,132

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Low self-esteem and depression are strongly related, but there is not yet consistent evidence on the nature of the relation. Whereas the vulnerability model states that low self-esteem contributes to depression, the scar model states that depression erodes self-esteem. Furthermore, it is unknown whether the models are specific for depression or whether they are also valid for anxiety. We evaluated the vulnerability and scar models of low self-esteem and depression, and low self-esteem and anxiety, by meta-analyzing the available longitudinal data (covering 77 studies on depression and 18 studies on anxiety). The mean age of the samples ranged from childhood to old age. In the analyses, we used a random-effects model and examined prospective effects between the variables, controlling for prior levels of the predicted variables. For depression, the findings supported the vulnerability model: The effect of self-esteem on depression (β = -.16) was significantly stronger than the effect of depression on self-esteem (β = -.08). In contrast, the effects between low self-esteem and anxiety were relatively balanced: Self-esteem predicted anxiety with β = -.10, and anxiety predicted self-esteem with β = -.08. Moderator analyses were conducted for the effect of low self-esteem on depression; these suggested that the effect is not significantly influenced by gender, age, measures of self-esteem and depression, or time lag between assessments. If future research supports the hypothesized causality of the vulnerability effect of low self-esteem on depression, interventions aimed at increasing self-esteem might be useful in reducing the risk of depression.

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Self-esteem, cortisol reactivity, and depressed mood mediated by perceptions of control

Cited by 25 publications

References 23 publications

Executive Self, Self-Esteem, and Negative Affectivity: Relations at the Phenotypic and Genotypic Level.

Executive Self, Self-Esteem, and Negative Affectivity: Relations at the Phenotypic and Genotypic Level.

Negative mood endures after completion of high-altitude military training

Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

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