Self-esteem as a Mediator Between Instrumentality, Gender Role Conflict and Depression in Male Korean High School Students

Abstract

This study examined the effects of self-esteem as a mediator of the relationship between instrumentality, gender role conflict and depression in 464 Korean high school boys using structural equation modeling. The primary findings were: (a) instrumentality did not directly influence depression, but indirectly did so through the mediational variable of self-esteem, and (b) gender role conflict demonstrated direct and indirect effects on depression through the mediational variable of self-esteem. These results are consistent with the previous findings conducted in the U.S. and support applying these findings to different culture contexts. Implications of these findings for counseling practice with male adolescents and for future research are discussed.

A Systematic Review of Adolescent Masculinities and Associations with Internalizing Behavior Problems and Social Support

“…The first explored depression using a sample of South African youth from public high schools (Basterfield, Reardon, & Govender, 2014 ), and the second explored depression, anxiety, stress, and self‐esteem with a small sample of male youth from a summer enrichment program within a university‐based center for gifted education (Shepard, Nicpon, Haley, Lind, & Liu, 2011 ). Five articles found negative associations (i.e., higher adherence to gender role norms emphasizing things like emotional restriction and dominance predicted poorer mental health; Choi, Kim, Hwang, & Heppner, 2010 ; Gupta et al, 2013 ; Mansor, Othman, Yasin, Husain, & Yaacob, 2014 ; Santos, Galligan, Pahlke, & Fabes, 2013 ; Sears, Graham, & Campbell, 2009 ). These studies were all school‐based, used established measures of male gender role norm adherence, and were conducted across the globe (South Korea, United States, China, Malaysia, and Canada).…”

“…Of these articles, four found a positive association (i.e., greater identification with masculine attributes, such as “ambitious” and “assertive,” was associated with better mental health; Choi et al, 2010 ; Marcotte, Alain, & Gosselin, 1999 ; Marcotte, Fortin, Potvin, & Papillon, 2002 ; Young & Sweeting, 2004 ). These articles were all school‐based and included samples from South Korea, French‐speaking Canada, and Scotland (Table 1 ).…”

“…Each of these studies used standardized measures, employed convenience sampling, and reported high response rates, though Sears et al ( 2009 ) and van Beusekom et al ( 2016 ) did not report on missingness/attrition, and missingness/attrition in Santos et al ( 2013 ) was unclear. Nine (45.0%) studies were found to be at higher risk of bias (Basterfield et al, 2014 ; Choi et al, 2010 ; Jewell & Brown, 2014 ; Kulis et al, 2010 ; Lapointe & Marcotte, 2000 ; Mahalingam & Balan, 2008 ; Marcotte et al, 1999 ; Menon, 2011 ; Shepard et al, 2011 ). Though all these studies except Kulis et al ( 2010 ) used standardized measures, most did not report on missingness/attrition or response rates, and all used a convenience sample.…”

Validación de la versión española de la Gender Role Conflict Scale for Adolescents (GRCS-A).

“…La GRCS-A correlaciona significativamente con la depresión (Choi, Kim, Hwang y Heppner, 2010), la ansiedad (Kim, Choi, Kim y Park, 2009) y la resiliencia (BatesGalligan, Barnett, Brennan y Israel, 2010). A nivel interpersonal el CRG en adolescentes se ha vinculado con actitudes tradicionales hacia la mujer (Addelston, 1995) y con el incremento de conflictos en la escuela y en la familia (Watts y Borders, 2005).…”

Moteriškumo Ideologijos Sąsajos Su Paauglių Merginų Depresiškumu, Savęs Vertinimu Ir Subjektyviu Pasitenkinimu Gyvenimu

“…Randama tiek internalizuotų moteriškumo, tiek vyriškumo sampratų sąsajų su įvairiais psichikos sveikatos rodikliais (pvz., Choi, Kim, Hwang, Heppner, 2010;Johnson, McNair, Vojick, Congdon, Monacelli, Lemont, 2006), tačiau bendrai moteriškumo ir vyriškumo konstruktai literatūroje apibrėžiami kaip labai skirtingi bei dažniausiai analizuojami atskirai. Dėl šios priežasties straipsnyje apsiribosime tik moteriškumo konstrukto ir jo sąsajų su svarbiais merginų psichikos sveikatos rodikliais aptarimu.…”