“…Fundamental tenets of social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1986) have predicted adherence to health programs and medication regimens, as well as to academic homework and work tasks (Glanz, Rimer, & Lewis, 2002;Schunk, 2008). Specifically, individuals' confidence in their own ability to achieve a goal (i.e., their self-efficacy) is empirically established as the primary determinant of goal attainment for a wide variety of health behaviors (Bandura, 2006;Clark & Dodge, 1999;Gwaltney, Metrik, Kahler, & Shiffman, 2009;Holden, 1991;Ilgen, Tiet, Finney, & Moos, 2006;Luszczynska & Sutton, 2006;Matthew, 2004). Self-efficacy is measured by examining patient confidence to overcome perceived barriers to goal attainment (Bandura, 2001).…”