Self‐efficacy associated with self‐management behaviours and health status of South Koreans with chronic diseases

Abstract

Although prior research in Western societies has revealed an association between self-efficacy and both self-management behaviours and better health status, little is known about the applicability of this association in Korean populations. We examined the differences in self-management behaviours and health status among three groups according to the level of self-efficacy (high, moderate and low). We used a descriptive and correlational design, and administrated a questionnaire to 322 Korean patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension or arthritis at three ambulatory clinics in a university medical centre. We performed the Pearson chi-square test to test for differences in proportions, and the Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests for non-parametric measures. The level of self-efficacy was associated with self-management behaviours (P < 0.05) and with better health status indices (P < 0.001) except fatigue (P < 0.277). The mean age (Mean ± standard deviation, 53.71 ± 12.60), the percentage of high level of education (62.4%) and the level of employment (51.4%) were significantly higher in high self-efficacy group than in low self-efficacy group or moderate self-efficacy group. Further study of the potential factors affecting any relationship between self-efficacy and fatigue is recommended. Self-efficacy-enhancing interventions can be beneficial for Korean chronic patients to improve their self-management behaviours and health status.

Continuous Care Model and the Self-Management in Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…As a fundamental part of chronic care, self-management is defined as an individual's ability to manage symptoms, treatments, lifestyle changes, control physical, mental and psychological problems, and have a desirable life along with a chronic problem. Patients with improved self-management abilities can properly monitor problems related to their disease every day, try to find solutions and discuss them with healthcare providers (9,11).…”

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“…Furthermore, self-efficacy contributes to the patient's confidence in their own ability to function in a healthy manner, and to perceive the changes taking place in conjunction with daily difficulties (Lorig, Stewart Ritter, Gonzalez, Laurent, & Lynch, 1996;Yoo, Kim, Jang, & You, 2011). Self-efficacy promotes improvements or at least stabilazes the patients' current state of health (Weng, Dai Huang, Chiang, 2010, as referred to Yoo, Kim, Jang, & You, 2011.…”

“…Self-efficacy is one's belief in one's ability to organize and execute specific actions or react in specific ways in order to achieve one's goals (Bandura, 1977;Kaul, 2010). Self-efficacy reflects the person's belief that he or she is able to organize and integrate the management of emotions, physical and social behaviors in order to be able to find solutions to everyday problems (Lorig, Stewart Ritter, Gonzalez, Laurent, & Lynch, 1996;Yoo, Kim , Jang & You, 2011). Also, studies have shown that high levels of self-efficacy contribute to the improvement of one's health, positive selfevaluation and management of appropriate behaviors (Weng, Dai Huang, Chiang, 2010;Yoo, Kim, Jang, & You, 2011).…”

Self-Management Program for People with Chronic Kidney Disease in Vietnam: A Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial

“…Social cognitive theory also provides a structure and processes to inform the development of an intervention that can improve the level of self-efficacy in an individual (Lenz & Shortridge-Baggett, 2002;van de Laar & van der Bijl, 2001). Hence, SCT is recognised as one of the most frequently used theories in studying health behaviour in people with chronic disease (Dang, Deoisres, Keeratiyutawong, & Baumann, 2013;Dao, 2012;Ha, Hu, Petrini, & McCoy, 2014;Wu et al, 2007;Yoo, Kim, Jang, & You, 2011), including those with CKD (Balaga, 2012;Byrne et al, 2011;Kazawa & Moriyama, 2013;Tsay, 2003;Weng, Dai, Huang, & Chiang, 2010;Wierdsma et al, 2011).…”