Self-efficacy and physical activity in adolescents with trivial, mild, or moderate congenital cardiac malformations

Abstract

Our purpose was to examine the cognitive processes that influence involvement in physical activity among 100 adolescents, 55 boys and 45 girls, ranging in age from 12 to 18 years, with trivial, mild, or moderate forms of congenital cardiac disease. We hypothesized, first, that the severity of the congenital cardiac malformation itself has an indirect effect on self-efficacy regarding physical activity, and that the relationship between the two is mediated by the recommendations of the cardiologist and the attitude of the mother. Second, we argued that self-efficacy serves as a mediating variable between the recommendations of the cardiologist and the attitude of the mother, on the one hand, and involvement in physical activity, on the other. The results confirmed both hypotheses. In a population of adolescents with trivial to moderate congenital cardiac malformations, beliefs in self-efficacy, rather than severity of the disease, were the most influential factors in determining whether or not adolescents will engage in sports or other physical activities. We also demonstrated the importance of the role played by the recommendations of the cardiologist in determining both the attitudes of the mother and the belief in self-efficacy of the adolescents.

"CF chatters": the development of a theoretically informed physical activity intervention for youth with cystic fibrosis

“…While previous interventions have not engaged parents as important sources of social and emotional support for physical activity-and critical role models-literature from the field of pediatric obesity underscores parents' important role modeling function. In particular, due to the facts that a) parents are "gatekeepers" to health behaviour change who either facilitate or hinder physical activity, b) individual behaviours are strongly influenced by contextual, familial, and environmental factors, c) social modeling and observation is critical to the development of healthy behaviours in children, and d) members of the same family tend to be genetically and behaviourally similar, there are compelling rationales for the inclusion of parents in physical activity interventions [40][41][42]. Additionally, youth adopted different illness narratives to articulate their experience of living with CF.…”

“…Based on our grounded theory of physical activity in CF, and literature that underscores the importance of engaging parents in ill youths' physical activity [40], the program was designed as a parent mediated intervention and separate child and parent manuals were developed. Upon starting the program, however, the adolescent case patients-Chase and Layla-opted to participate without their parents.…”

Best Practices in Managing Transition to Adulthood for Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease: The Transition Process and Medical and Psychosocial Issues

“…The self-efficacy and attitude of the parent toward exercise participation was significantly influenced by the recommendation of the cardiologist. 146 To encourage physical activity habits, it appears to be important for children and teens to receive appropriate direction and encouragement from the family and cardiologist, as well as coaches, teammates, and friends.…”

Cardiac-self efficacy predicts adverse outcomes in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients

“…CSE motivates individuals to make healthy lifestyle choices in regards to their CVD by creating a desire and willingness to adopt such behaviours [4]. Self efficacy has been shown to affect health-related behaviours and health-related outcomes in the management of chronic disease patients [5], and is a very strong predictor of behavioural modification amongst patients of any age and state of health [6]. Measurements of self efficacy in CVD have been demonstrated to be better predictors of outcomes including the use of analgesia, physical activity, and return to work than other variables such as age or medical status [3].…”