Self‐efficacy and independence from social influence: Discovery of an efficacy–difficulty effect

Lucas, Todd; Alexander, Sheldon; Firestone, Ira J.; Baltes, Boris B.

doi:10.1080/15534510500291662

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Self-efficacy has been shown to be a reason that people ignore influence from others. Self-efficacy makes people feel that it is unnecessary to yield to others' decisions [63]. We studied this factor and found that participants who expressed a desire to make decisions on their own were significantly less influenced by experts and friends.…”

Section: Social Influence In Actionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Influence of Friends and Experts on Privacy Decision Making in IoT Scenarios

Naeini

Degeling

Bauer

et al. 2018

Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact.

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As increasingly many Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices collect personal data, users face more privacy decisions. Personal privacy assistants can provide social cues and help users make informed decisions by presenting information about how others have decided in similar cases. To better understand which social cues are relevant and whose recommendations users are more likely to follow, we presented 1000 online participants with nine IoT data-collection scenarios. Some participants were told the percentage of experts or friends who allowed data collection in each scenario, while other participants were provided no social cue. At the conclusion of each scenario, participants were asked whether they would allow the described data collection. Our results help explain under what circumstances users are more or less likely to be swayed by the reported behavior of others in similar scenarios. For example, our results indicate that when friends denied data collection, our participants were more influenced than when friends allowed data collection. On the other hand, participants were more influenced by experts when they allowed data collection. We also observed that influence could get stronger or wear off when participants were exposed to a sequence of scenarios. For example, when experts and friends repeatedly allowed data collection in scenarios with clear risk or denied it in scenarios with clear benefits, participants were less likely to be influenced by them in subsequent scenarios. CCS Concepts: • Security and privacy → Social aspects of security and privacy; • Human-centered computing → User models;

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Section: Social Influence In Actionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Influence of Friends and Experts on Privacy Decision Making in IoT Scenarios

Naeini

Degeling

Bauer

et al. 2018

Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Organizations are sites of considerable interpersonal communication and social interaction (Fulk, 1993), leading to the possibility that short-termism at the intrafirm level may result from social influence (Laverty, 1996: 845). The long-standing social influence perspective suggests that information from social referents (e.g., colleagues, coworkers, influential outsiders) can be at least as important as objective information in guiding judgments of difficult perceptual tasks, leading to conformity of views, beliefs, and behaviors (Asch, 1955;Janus, 1972;Turner, 1991;Ho, 2005;Lucas et al, 2006). In other words, an individual's views and opinions can reflect the views and opinions of significant others.…”

Section: Organizational Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the debate on short‐termism: a theoretical and empirical analysis

Marginson¹,

McAulay²

2007

Strategic Management Journal

284

217

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The debate on short-termism has focused on the economic factors of capital markets and performance measurement systems. Laverty (1996) has advocated the inclusion of individual and organizational dimensions to extend the debate. We reorient Laverty's extended debate by drawing upon a broad management and accounting literature and thereby develop testable theoretical explanations of short-termism. The resulting hypotheses are tested in a telecommunications company. Our findings provide support for Laverty's (1996) argument that individual and organizational factors are important determinants of short-termism.develop hypotheses that have the potential to address the questions raised. The second contribution is to report exploratory empirical research at the intrafirm level. We present sections that describe a research program that we conducted and we present the findings. The final section presents conclusions, implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research. Our findings support Laverty's (1996) argument that a limited focus on economic causes, as represented by capital markets and performance measurement systems, provides an inadequate basis for understanding short-termism, while an extended debate that includes individual-and organizational-level factors provides an excellent opportunity to advance our ability to respond to this arguably pervasive feature of strategic activity. ). In other words, it is not accounting information per se that influences behavior, it is the importance that is attached to accounting information, as one of a number of possible communication channels, that conditions behavior. This gives rise to the following hypothesis:Hypothesis 2: Short-termism is positively associated with the importance that is attached to accounting information as one among a number of possible communication channels.

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“…The policy recommendations have social implications as limiting interactions disrupts social group activities such as parties, get-togethers, and even shopping in malls. Thus, individual behavior would be affected by social norms and practices, as espoused by social psychology research [ 16 , 17 ], and individuals will try to understand and move through complex situations [ 18 , 19 ]. The COVID-19 situation is “difficult” in the sense that there is no treatment, and thus, individuals are more susceptible to learning from different sources and will subsequently manage the situation based on the knowledge gained from these information sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizens’ Adherence to COVID-19 Mitigation Recommendations by the Government: A 3-Country Comparative Evaluation Using Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey Data

Al-Hasan¹,

Yim²,

Khuntia³

2020

J Med Internet Res

128

120

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Background Social distancing is an effective preventative policy for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that is enforced by governments worldwide. However, significant variations are observed in following the policy across individuals and countries. Arguably, differences in citizens’ adherence actions will be influenced by their perceptions about government’s plans and the information available to guide their behaviors—more so in the digital age in the realm of mass influence of social media on citizens. Insights into the underlying factors and dynamics involved with citizens’ adherence process will inform the policy makers to follow appropriate communication and messaging approaches to influence citizens’ willingness to adhere to the recommendations. Objective The aim of this study is a comparative evaluation of citizens’ adherence process to COVID-19–relevant recommendations by the government. The focus is on how three different countries’ (United States, Kuwait, and South Korea) citizens, randomly sampled, respond to governments’ pandemic guidance efforts. We draw insights into two categories of perceived government roles in managing the pandemic: (1) citizens’ perceptions of government’s role in responding to the pandemic and (2) citizens’ perceptions of government’s business reopening efforts. Undoubtedly, the internet and social media have burgeoned, with differing effects on shaping individuals’ views and assessments of the COVID-19 situation; we argue and test for the effects of information sources, social media use, and knowledge on the adherence actions. Methods We randomly sampled web-based survey data collected by a global firm in May 2020 from citizens of the United States, Kuwait, and South Korea. A nonlinear ordered probit regression, controlling for several counterfactuals, was used for analysis. The focal estimated effects of the study were compared across countries using the weighted distance between the parameter estimates. Results The total sample size was 482 respondents, of which 207 (43%) lived in the United States, 181 (38%) lived in Kuwait, and 94 (20%) lived in South Korea. The ordered probit estimation results suggest that overall, perception of government response efforts positively influenced self-adherence (P<.001) and others’ adherence (P<.001) to social distancing and sheltering. Perception of government business reopening efforts positively influenced others’ adherence (P<.001). A higher intensity of general health information source for COVID-19 had a positive effect on self-adherence (P=.003). A higher intensity of social media source use for COVID-19 positively influenced others’ adherence (P=.002). A higher intensity of knowledge on COVID-19 positively influenced self-adherence (P=.008) and negatively influenced others’ adherence (P<.001). There were country-level variations—broadly, the United States and Kuwait had better effects than South Korea. Conclusions As the COVID-19 global pandemic continues to grow and governmental restrictions are ongoing, it is critical to understand people’s frustration to reduce panic and promote social distancing to facilitate the control of the pandemic. This study finds that the government plays a central role in terms of adherence to restrictions. Governments need to enhance their efforts on publicizing information on the pandemic, as well as employ strategies for improved communication management to citizens through social media as well as mainstream information sources.

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Self‐efficacy and independence from social influence: Discovery of an efficacy–difficulty effect

Cited by 25 publications

References 34 publications

The Influence of Friends and Experts on Privacy Decision Making in IoT Scenarios

The Influence of Friends and Experts on Privacy Decision Making in IoT Scenarios

Exploring the debate on short‐termism: a theoretical and empirical analysis

Citizens’ Adherence to COVID-19 Mitigation Recommendations by the Government: A 3-Country Comparative Evaluation Using Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey Data

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