Self‐Efficacy About Sexual Risk/Protective Behaviors: Intervention Impact Trajectories Among American Indian Youth

Abstract

For adolescents, normative development encompasses learning to negotiate challenges of sexual situations; of special importance are skills to prevent early pregnancy, HIV, and other sexually transmitted diseases. Disparities in sexual risk among American Indian youth point to the importance of intervening to attenuate this risk. This study explored the impact of Circle of Life (COL), an HIV prevention intervention based on social cognitive theory, on trajectories of self‐efficacy (refusing sex, avoiding sexual situations) among 635 students from 13 middle schools on one American Indian reservation. COL countered a normative decline of refusal self‐efficacy among girls receiving the intervention by age 13, while girls participating at age 14 or older, girls in the comparison group, and all boys showed continuing declines.

Frequent residential mobility among American Indians and early indications of sexual risk among young adolescents

“…Identifying more age-appropriate outcomes for this particular age group was critical for developmentally relevant analyses. Further, sex refusal self-efficacy has been shown to be a particularly viable predictor of subsequent sexual behaviors among AI youth from the community in which these data come from [11]. Also, these analyses assumed that the relationships among residential mobility and the mediating variables were the same across genders; sample size limited our ability to test gender-specific relationships.…”

“…In this study, we built on prior theoretical and empirical work among older teens but focused on sex refusal self-efficacy [1], a well-established precursor of sexual risk among AI youth. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine how residential mobility was related to this early indicator of sexual risk among AI young adolescents of a Northern Plains tribe [11].…”

“…This increases the likelihood that youth will encounter social pressures to participate in risky behaviors that they may be unable to evade [26]. The stronger an adolescent’s perceived sex refusal self-efficacy the less likely they are to engage in early or risky sexual behaviors, despite pressure from peers to do so [11]. Moreover, while literature on the direct relationship between residential mobility and sex refusal self-efficacy does not exist, researchers have found that residential mobility is often associated with reduced competence [1, 27], a broader construct conceptually similar to self-efficacy.…”

Dampak Efikasi Diri dalam Mencegah Perilaku Seks Bebas pada Remaja

“…Pada variabel perilaku seksual, subvariabel tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap keduanya termasuk pada kategori negatif. Hasil analisis data penelitian ini serupa dengan penelitian milik Muflih dan Setiawan (2017) dan Mitchell et al (2017) yang menyebutkan bahwa salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan perilaku seks bebas pada remaja adalah tingkat kemampuan self-efficacy remaja dalam menjauhi perilaku berisiko masih rendah. Hal ini juga mendukung penelitian milik Winarni (2017) yang menyebutkan bahwa ada pengaruh efikasi diri dengan perilaku seksual pranikah, dimana semakin tinggi efikasi siswa maka semakin mengurangi perilaku seksual pranikah.…”

Sexual self-efficacy and its related factors among married women of reproductive age

“…He assumes that one's belief in successful sexual intercourse affects his sexual function 5 . Researchers and sex therapists believe that SSE, as an important variable, plays a fundamental role in desirable sexual function 6 . On the other hand, SSE has a direct influence on Social and Mental performance necessary for sexual satisfaction 1 , 7 , 8 .…”