Self-docking capability and control strategy of electromagnetic docking technology

Zhang, Yuanwen; Lee, Yang; Zhu, Yanbo; Ren, Xiaofeng; Huang, Huan

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2011.07.001

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Wootten et al (1992) and Mehringer et al (1997) have detected acetic acid in the interstellar medium; these small free acids could then be trans-esterfied into an organic macromolecule. The free carboxylic acids in carbonaceous chondrites have been shown to be enriched in deuterium suggesting a possible interstellar origin (Krishnamurthy et al 1992; Huang et al 2005). It must be noted, however, that although free carboxylic acids have been detected in the interstellar medium it is thought they are rapidly destroyed by ultraviolet radiation (Bernstein et al 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemolysis of the Murchison meteorite: identification of oxygen bound and occluded units in the organic macromolecule

Watson

Sephton

Gilmour

2010

International Journal of Astrobiology

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An organic macromolecular residue, prepared from the Murchison meteorite by treatment with hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acids, was subjected to online thermochemolysis with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH). The most abundant compound released by thermochemolysis was benzoic acid. Other abundant compounds include methyl and dimethyl benzoic acids as well as methoxy benzoic acids. Short chain dicarboxylic acids (C 4-8 ) were also released from the organic macromolecule. Within the C 1 and C 2 benzoic acids all possible structural isomers are present reflecting the abiotic origin of these units. The most abundant isomers include 3,4-dimethylbenzoic acid (DMBA), 3,5-DMBA, 2,6-DMBA and phenylacetic acid. Thermochemolysis also liberates hydrocarbons that are not observed during thermal desorption ; these compounds include naphthalene, methylnaphthalenes, biphenyl, methylbiphenyls, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene. The lack of oxygen containing functional groups in these hydrocarbons indicates that they represent non-covalently bound, occluded molecules within the organic framework. This data provides a valuable insight into oxygen bound and physically occluded moieties in the Murchison organic macromolecule and implies a relative order of synthesis or agglomeration for the detected organic constituents.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemolysis of the Murchison meteorite: identification of oxygen bound and occluded units in the organic macromolecule

Watson

Sephton

Gilmour

2010

International Journal of Astrobiology

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“…Compound‐specific isotopic analyses performed with isotope ratio gas chromatography including a combustion system (GC‐c‐IRMS) offer new opportunities to better define the origins and formation pathways of organic compounds in meteorites. These studies showed δ (D) and δ ( 13 C) values that verify an interstellar origin of the amphiphilic molecules 26. Besides linear‐chain monocarboxylic acids with carbon chains up to C 10 , a large range of randomly substituted branched‐chain monocarboxylic acids was identified.…”

Section: Self‐assembly Of Amphiphiles Into Cell‐like Vesicles: a Pmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Studies by Pizzarello and co‐workers with solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) sample preparation showed that low‐molecular‐weight monocarboxylic acids are the most abundant water‐soluble organic compounds in the Murchison meteorite as well as in many other carbonaceous meteorites 26. More than 50 monocarboxylic acids were identified in 11.3 g taken from the inside of the meteorite, quantities that are 10 to 100 times greater than those of amino acids.…”

Section: Self‐assembly Of Amphiphiles Into Cell‐like Vesicles: a Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Origin of Primitive Cells: From Nutrient Intake to Elongation of Encapsulated Nucleotides

et al. 2010

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Recent major discoveries in membrane biophysics hold the key to a modern understanding of the origin of life on Earth. Membrane bilayer vesicles have been shown to provide a multifaceted microenvironment in which protometabolic reactions could have developed. Cell-membrane-like aggregates of amphiphilic molecules capable of retaining encapsulated oligonucleotides have been successfully created in the laboratory. Sophisticated laboratory studies on the origin of life now show that elongation of the DNA primer takes place inside fatty acid vesicles when activated nucleotide nutrients are added to the external medium. These studies demonstrate that cell-like vesicles can be sufficiently permeable to allow for the intake of charged molecules such as activated nucleotides, which can then take part in copying templates in the protocell interior. In this Review we summarize recent experiments in this area and describe a possible scenario for the origin of primitive cells, with an emphasis on the elongation of encapsulated nucleotides.

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“…Arbeiten von Pizzarello et al. unter Anwendung von Festphasen‐Mikroextraktionsverfahren (SPME) offenbarten, dass Monocarbonsäuren mit geringem Molekulargewicht die größte Fraktion der wasserlöslichen organischen Verbindungen im Murchison‐Meteoriten und in anderen kohlenstoffhaltigen Meteoriten stellen 26. Mehr als 50 Monocarbonsäuren wurden in einer 11.3 g schweren Probe aus dem Inneren des Murchison‐Meteoriten identifiziert, und zwar in Mengen, die um den Faktor 10–100 größer sind als die von Aminosäuren.…”

Section: Selbstorganisation Amphiphiler Moleküle Zu Zellähnlichen unclassified

“…Die elementspezifische Isotopenanalyse mithilfe eines Isotopenverhältnis‐Gaschromatographen inklusive Verbrennungskammer (GC‐c‐IRMS) lieferte neue Möglichkeiten, um den Ursprung und die Entstehungsmechanismen organischer Verbindungen in Meteoriten besser zu verstehen. Derartige Messungen zeigten δ(D)‐ und δ( 13 C)‐Werte, die einen interstellaren Ursprung der amphiphilen Moleküle bestätigen 26. Außer geradkettigen Monocarbonsäuren mit Kettenlängen bis zu C 10 wurde auch eine große Vielfalt von zufällig substituierten, verzweigten Monocarbonsäuren identifiziert.…”

Section: Selbstorganisation Amphiphiler Moleküle Zu Zellähnlichen unclassified

Die Entstehung erster Zellen – von der Nährstoffaufnahme hin zur Verlängerung eingeschlossener Nucleotide

et al. 2010

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Ein neues Verständnis des Ursprungs des Lebens auf der Erde gründet sich auf jüngsten, bedeutenden Entdeckungen zur Biophysik von Membranen. Es wurde gezeigt, dass Vesikel aus Membran‐Doppelschichten eine facettenreiche Mikroumgebung zur Verfügung stellen, in der sich erste Stoffwechselreaktionen entwickelt haben können. Zellmembran‐ähnliche Aggregate amphiphiler Moleküle, die Oligonucleotide einschließen können, wurden erfolgreich im Labor hergestellt. Im Rahmen von Laborstudien zur Entstehung des Lebens gelang die Verlängerung eines DNA‐Primers im Inneren von Fettsäurevesikeln, sobald das extravesikuläre Medium mit aktivierten Nucleotiden versetzt wurde. Diese Studien zeigten, dass zellähnliche Vesikel durchlässig genug sein können, um geladene Moleküle wie aktivierte Nucleotide aufzunehmen, die sich wiederum im Protozellinneren am Kopieren von DNA‐Matrizen beteiligen. Wir fassen in diesem Aufsatz jüngste Experimente in diesem Bereich zusammen und beschreiben ein mögliches Szenario zum Ursprung erster primitiver Zellen, wobei wir der Verlängerung eingeschlossener Nucleotide besondere Aufmerksamkeit widmen.

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Self-docking capability and control strategy of electromagnetic docking technology

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

Thermochemolysis of the Murchison meteorite: identification of oxygen bound and occluded units in the organic macromolecule

Thermochemolysis of the Murchison meteorite: identification of oxygen bound and occluded units in the organic macromolecule

On the Origin of Primitive Cells: From Nutrient Intake to Elongation of Encapsulated Nucleotides

Die Entstehung erster Zellen – von der Nährstoffaufnahme hin zur Verlängerung eingeschlossener Nucleotide

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