Self-derogation and social position: Interaction effects of sex, race, education, and age

Gender and Gang Membership

“…Self-derogation was measured using two items from Kaplan's Self-Derogation Scale: "At times I think I am no good at all" and "I certainly feel useless at times" (Kaplan, 1973;Kaplan & Pokorny, 1969). These items were scored on a 5-point Likert-type response scale anchored by 1 (strongly disagree) and 5 (strongly agree).…”

Reducing Sexual Risk Among Filipina Female Bar Workers: Effects of a CBPR-Developed Structural and Network Intervention

“…HIV knowledge was the summed number of correct responses to a series of nine yes/no questions about the HIV transmission, prevention, and treatment (Morisky, Stein, et al, 2002). We used a combination of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and Kaplan's Self-Derogation Scale (Kaplan, 1973) with a Likert scale (strongly agree [1] to strongly disagree [5]).…”

Special education labeling relationships with learning disabled student self-concept

“…Children evidencing low selfconcepts are attributed with: poor school performance and loss of motivation (Clemes & Bean, 1981); higher levels of anxiety which can interfere with learning (Ausubel & Robin son, 1969;Bledsoe, 1964;Clemens & Bean, 1981);2 feelings of confusion and stress (Clemes & Bean, 1981); avoiding 20thers contending that high anxiety interfers with learning are: Coopersmith, 1967;Feldhusen & Thurston, 1964;Horowitz, 1962;Many & Many, 1975, Rosenberg, 1965Stanwyck & Felker, 1973 all agree that high anxiety can impede learning. success experiences and failing to improve (Marecek & Mettee, 1972); believing themselveo to be worthless and personal failures (Kaplan, 1973); having less adeptness in dealing with conflict (Horney, 1945;; sensitivity to criticism, projecting blame, being overly critical, acting timidly and disliking competition (Burns, 1979).…”

“…This feedback reinforces low self-esteem so the cycle perpetuates and feeds upon itself (Hyatt, 1977) • ••• Uncertain or unstable self-esteem is associated with attempts to resolve discrepancies betwen self-image and self-conceptions in favor of self-conception, i.e., attempts at self enhancement. Once an equilibrium between selfimage and self-conception is reached, efforts will be made to maintain that state --thus consistency tendencies are associated with certain, or stable, self evaluations" (Kugle and Clements, 1980, p. 5) Kaplan (1973) ••• If the child lives in an environment in which he is opposed, thwarted and rejected, he will begin at an early age to develop the kind of behavior which we find in a person who perceives himself as one who is being abused (Jersild,p. 18).…”

“…Ascribing the desire for feelings of self worth to all individuals, Kaplan (1973) insists that we are continually motivated to attain, keep or restore hiqh levels of self-esteem. He is concerned that environmental conditions can be highly limiting factors to self-esteem.…”