“…The Rapid Chloride Penetration Test (RCPT), which is another such test, provides a diffusion-related conductivity measurement and index, where a higher RCPT value indicates greater concrete diffusion [ 26 ]. Factors that affect the RCPT include the compressive strength [ 26 ]; mineral admixtures such as fly ash [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]; aggregates [ 8 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]; curing conditions such as autoclaving, steam curing, and normal curing [ 34 ]; pore size [ 26 , 27 ]; RCA replacement ratio [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]; specimen temperature [ 38 , 39 , 40 ]; regional environment conditions [ 26 ]; test conditions [ 40 ]; multiple-stage mixing approaches [ 41 , 42 ]; and sodium silicate and silica fume coating of the RCA aggregate [ 41 , 42 ]. Especially, the RCA coating was observed to fill the cracks and pores using the ITZ of the concrete sample through microstructural analysis [ 41 , 42 ].…”