Self-consistent simulation of the initiation of the flashover discharge on vacuum insulator surface

Cai, Liang; Wang, J. G.; Zhang, D. H.; Du, Tai-Jiao; Zhu, Xiangqin; Wang, Y.

doi:10.1063/1.4737195

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The flashover discharge process is considered to involve several phases, of which the field emission caused by high‐field spots on the electrodes and sample surface, and the electron avalanche development governed by secondary electron emission from the insulator surface is crucial to the final happening of flashover [28]. After fluorination, shallow traps are introduced to the surface layer of the sample, thus the charges are easier to dissipate and fewer charges accumulate on the sample surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface charge and flashover characteristics of fluorinated PP under pulse voltage

Huang

Xing

2017

IET Science, Measurement & Technology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface charge and flashover characteristics of fluorinated PP under pulse voltage

Huang

Xing

2017

IET Science, Measurement & Technology

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“…In addition, strong fluctuations of the physical quantities even when SEEA reaches saturation (without outgassing) were observed in previous PIC simulations [40][41][42]. It is unclear whether these are realistic waves/instabilities or purely numerical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

An alternative simulation approach for surface flashover in a vacuum using a 1D2V continuum and kinetic model

Sun

Lian

Zhang

et al. 2023

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Surface flashover across insulator in vacuum is a destructive plasma discharge which undermines the behaviors of a range of applications in electrical engineering, particle physics, space engineering, etc. This phenomenon is widely modeled by the particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation, here the continuum and kinetic simulation method is first proposed and implemented as an alternative solution for flashover modeling, aiming for the prevention of the unfavorable particle noises in PIC models. A 1D2V (one dimension in space, two dimensions in velocity) kinetic simulation model is constructed. Modeling setup, physical assumptions, and simulation algorithm are presented in detail, and a comparison with the well-known secondary electron emission avalanche (SEEA) analytical expression and existing PIC simulation is made. Obtained kinetic simulation results are consistent with the analytical prediction, and feature noise-free data of surface charge density as well as fluxes of primary and secondary electrons. Discrepancies between the two simulation models and analytical predictions are explained. The code is convenient for updating to include additional physical processes, and possible implementations of outgassing and plasma species for final breakdown stage are discussed. The proposed continuum and kinetic approach is expected to inspire future modeling studies for the flashover mechanism and mitigation.

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“…Note that the metal wire does not significantly influence the cathode field, based on our electric field calculation using commercial software COMSOL. The emission angles of seed electrons follow a cosine distribution [40], and the initial energy is determined by the Fermi level of the cathode material. After being emitted from the CTJ, seed electrons are accelerated by the space electric field.…”

Section: Simulation Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-wire-embedded alumina insulating material using micro- and nanoscale 3D printing for surface flashover mitigation in a vacuum

Mu¹,

Yao²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Micro and nanoscale 3D printing technic is applied to fabricate functional insulating material which mitigates surface discharge in vacuum based on the microscopic electron multipactor suppression. The proposed alumina ceramic insulator design consists surface-embedded thin metal wires which introduce a local gradient of secondary electron emission yield, such that the trajectories of multipactor electrons are distorted by accumulated negative surface charges and the secondary electron emission avalanche across the insulator surface is intermitted. Considerable increases of surface flashover threshold and surface charging reduction are verified by experiment. Also, additional efforts are made to determine the optimal size and spatial distribution of the metal wire. A convex-shape flashover voltage trace is observed when increasing the wire width, suggesting a trade-off between the multipactor mitigation and the insulator strength. Wire position between the adjacency of cathode triple junction and middle of the insulator is proved to be favorable for flashover mitigation. The physical details of surface flashover mitigation by the proposed insulator design are revealed by an ab initio particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation code, corroborating the experiment from microscopic aspect.

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Self-consistent simulation of the initiation of the flashover discharge on vacuum insulator surface

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

Surface charge and flashover characteristics of fluorinated PP under pulse voltage

Surface charge and flashover characteristics of fluorinated PP under pulse voltage

An alternative simulation approach for surface flashover in a vacuum using a 1D2V continuum and kinetic model

Metal-wire-embedded alumina insulating material using micro- and nanoscale 3D printing for surface flashover mitigation in a vacuum

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