Self-Condensation of Cyclohexanone Catalyzed by Amberlyst-15. Study of Diffusional Resistances and Deactivation of the Catalyst

Synthesis and catalytic properties of ZSM-5 zeolite with hierarchical pores prepared in the presence of n-hexyltrimethylammonium bromide

“…24,25 The dimers are the intermediates for o-phenylphenol (OPP), an important chemical widely used as a dye intermediate, photographic agent, additive in rubber industry, bactericide of low toxicity, surface activator, et al Fig. (2), the self-condensation of cyclohexanone produces two kinetic isomers, namely, 2-(1-cyclohexenyl) cyclohexanone (CHC) and 2-cyclohexylidene cyclohexanone (CDC) with CHC as the main product (hereinafter, dimer is used to represent the two isomers).…”

Production of tetrahydrofuran by dehydration of 1,4-butanediol using Amberlyst-15: Batch kinetics and batch reactive distillation

“…The presence of water in the case of catalysis using ion exchange resins is known to cause a drop in catalytic activity [29,30]. To study the effect of water and solvent on the catalyst performance, catalyst was dried as previously described.…”

“…In the above rate expression, the constants k c ,K M , and K 0 w are temperature dependent and are expressed in the form of an Arrhenius type equation. The power of the water concentration has been shown by several researchers to be '2' (e.g., [29,30]). When this value was used the results matched excellently well for our data as well, as will be shown later.…”

Esterification of Fatty Acid Catalyzed by Hydrothermally Stable Propylsulfonic Acid-functionalized Mesoporous Silica SBA-15

“…Then it is put in 10 wt sulfuric acid solution for 2 hours and afterwards, it is washed with water until neutrality and dried at 100 before use. An interesting study 26 shows that the resistance of the internal diffusion is important with particles greater than 0.125 mm. Consequently, the internal diffusion resistance is significant in commercial particle sizes of amberlyst-15 0.3-1 mm .…”