Self-cleaning and antifouling nanocomposites for stone protection: properties and performances of stone-nanomaterial systems

Roveri, Marco; Gherardi, Francesca; Goidanich, Sara; Gulotta, Davide; Castelvetro, Valter; Fischer, Robert F. H.; Winandy, Lex; Weber, Johannes; Toniolo, Lucia

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/364/1/012070

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…If choosing the right antimicrobial nanomaterial is essential, the selection of the most appropriate mode of application (considering the properties of both the nanomaterial and the heritage material surface) is the next key step in the process. The techniques most commonly used so far have been brushing 56,57 and spraying, 13 which are adequate for most substrates and ensure a homogeneous NP coating, as well as others like immersion, 58 drop-casting, 59,60 spreading with a spatula, 61 misting, 23 capillary absorption, 62 and even spin-coating for a glass test specimen. 63 In most of the studies, the nanomaterials were dispersed in polar protic solvents that quickly evaporate, like water or ethanol; 12,64,65 however, some studies took further the idea of stabilizing the coatings versus environmental conditions, and organic or inorganic matrices were incorporated for this purpose.…”

Section: Nanomaterials Application Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…63 In most of the studies, the nanomaterials were dispersed in polar protic solvents that quickly evaporate, like water or ethanol; 12,64,65 however, some studies took further the idea of stabilizing the coatings versus environmental conditions, and organic or inorganic matrices were incorporated for this purpose. These includes commercial varnishes 46 and consolidants 15,19,22,50,52,56,60,63,[66][67][68] and natural and synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl butyral, 47 starch, 54 siloxanes, 59,62,69,70 acrylic resins, 27,71 wax, 72 estearates, 73 nanocellulose, 53 hydroxyethylcellulose, 74 and hydrogels. 48,75 These hybrids generally enhanced the attachment properties of the NPs, thus improving the longevity of the antimicrobial coatings.…”

Section: Nanomaterials Application Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives for antimicrobial nanomaterials in cultural heritage conservation

Franco‐Castillo

Hierro

Fuente

et al. 2021

Chem

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The biodeterioration of artistic and architectural heritage represents a serious and recurring problem for museums, local authorities, and private collectors alike, where irreparable damage to unique artifacts can result in immeasurable losses to our shared cultural heritage. Here, we present an overview of the current trends in antimicrobial products used to protect heritage items from microbial colonization and prevent their deterioration. From a conservation-restoration standpoint, we contrast and compare traditional antimicrobial products with the state of the art in antimicrobial nanomaterials applied in the heritage conservation field, highlighting the promising potential of various different nanomaterials, as well as points of concern and clear red flags from some of the emerging research. Through an examination of the growing body of research in the academic literature we offer recommendations and practical advice on selecting appropriate microbiological assays and characterization techniques to better evaluate the in vitro and in situ antimicrobial properties of nanomaterials.

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Section: Nanomaterials Application Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nanomaterials Application Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives for antimicrobial nanomaterials in cultural heritage conservation

Franco‐Castillo

Hierro

Fuente

et al. 2021

Chem

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“…For applicative purposes, these nanosized active materials can be deposited over surfaces as dispersed in organic solvents or included in natural and synthetic polymers, to create a weathering-resistant coating. For instance, silver nanoparticles were mixed with a siloxane grafting agent to inhibit bacterial viability over Serena stones [ 95 ], while TiO 2 , Ag, and ZnO nanoparticles have been incorporated in various silane/siloxane-based polymeric matrices to grant protective and antifouling properties [ 96 ].…”

Section: Advanced Materials For Surface Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials in Cultural Heritage Conservation

et al. 2021

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Cultural Heritage is a crucial socioeconomic resource; yet, recurring degradation processes endanger its preservation. Serendipitous approaches in restoration practice need to be replaced by systematically addressing conservation issues through the development of advanced materials for the preservation of the artifacts. In the last few decades, materials and colloid science have provided valid solutions to counteract degradation, and we report here the main highlights in the formulation and application of materials and methodologies for the cleaning, protection and consolidation of works of art. Several types of artifacts are addressed, from murals to canvas paintings, metal objects, and paper artworks, comprising both classic and modern/contemporary art. Systems, such as nanoparticles, gels, nanostructured cleaning fluids, composites, and other functional materials, are reviewed. Future perspectives are also commented, outlining open issues and trends in this challenging and exciting field.

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“…Durable, effective, transparent, and hydrophilic nanocomposites have been recently synthesized to be applied on stone materials [54][55][56]. The photocatalytic properties of TiO 2 have been a great innovation in the field, not only for the cleaning of the surface, but also for the degradation of organic and inorganic pollutants [57][58][59]. However, an important consideration about the impact of TiO 2 in the environment must be made, because the discussion is still open, and research will clarify the impact of this compound in the environment.…”

Section: Sustainable Conservation Through a Chemical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Green Possibilities Can Help in a Future Sustainable Conservation of Cultural Heritage in Europe

Turo

Medeghini

2021

Sustainability

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We are moving towards a future that must be more sustainable in several aspects of society. Culture and cultural heritage have been recognized as indispensable parts of the sustainable growth of society, and the conservation model implemented in Europe has been considered as an example to follow at the economic, environmental, and social levels. The achievement of excellent results and the development of new technologies for the conservation of cultural heritage have highlighted the fundamental need for a method of sustainable conservation. In this commentary paper, we discuss two aspects that can contribute to sustainability in the future of conservation science: the use of innovative chemical products and the monitoring of outdoor sites by means of the forecast of the impact of dangerous factors on artistic surfaces. We are focusing mainly on the material aspect of cultural assets and how hard science can help in sustainable conservation. Even if the concept of sustainability has an ever-growing presence in our society, and different approaches have been given in different fields, it is still difficult to come up with a specific definition that can include the various hues of the world of cultural heritage conservation. The case studies presented in this paper are related to the European area and the advancements made for the sustainable preservation of such heritage. Considering the results obtained from both the chemical and the forecast side, we will try to summarize concisely the tasks that must be achieved in order to indicate as sustainable an approach to diagnostics for cultural heritage, including both the trans-disciplinary features of cultural heritage science and the scientific conservation of materials.

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Self-cleaning and antifouling nanocomposites for stone protection: properties and performances of stone-nanomaterial systems

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Perspectives for antimicrobial nanomaterials in cultural heritage conservation

Perspectives for antimicrobial nanomaterials in cultural heritage conservation

Advanced Materials in Cultural Heritage Conservation

How Green Possibilities Can Help in a Future Sustainable Conservation of Cultural Heritage in Europe

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