Self-bound droplet clusters in laser-driven Bose-Einstein condensates

Zhang, Yong-Chang; Walther, Valentin; Pohl, Thomas

doi:10.1103/physreva.103.023308

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…As a result, the interaction of a cluster or droplet of atoms of finite width with the surrounding is effectively short range, with the details depending on the width and the profile of the distribution. Nevertheless, the complex shape of the remaining oscillations at finite range leads to the unusual symmetries and superlattices investigated in [47,99] and is probably related to the quasiperiodic and superlattice structures experimentally and theoretically observed in hot vapours before. Atomic clusters of roughly the size of half the lattice period show effectively a next neighbour interaction on the self-induced lattice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…By projection on fundamental momentum modes a mapping to the Dicke phase transition is possible in a similar way to the situation of transversely pumped cavities. Other investigations [47,99] indicate that for a BEC with repulsive interaction and a finite number of atoms a single droplet or chains and 2D partitions of droplets are the ground state of the dynamics, partially displaying very complex and beautiful superlattice structures. The connection between these two approaches needs to be explored in future work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis in [98] of a limiting case for a > 0 indicates that a single droplet is the ground state of the system with regions of more complex arrangement of droplet clusters existing at the transition between homogenous and structured states. If allowing the forward and backward beam to interact with transitions in a three-level V-systems at different detunings, a wealth of further clustered and extended states including quasi-periodicity are predicted [99]. Pursuing novel quantum phases using the flexible and peculiar nature of the coupling in the single-mirror scheme (see Section 5) promises to be an agenda for further exciting research.…”

Section: External Degrees Of Freedom: Optomechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the quantum degenerate case, the resulting structures include chains and lattice of quantum droplets [47]. For a more general model complex superlattice structures have been predicted [99]. Their properties are controlled by BEC density, scattering parameter and strength of external driving.…”

Section: Light-mediated Atomic Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Organization in Cold Atoms Mediated by Diffractive Coupling

Ackemann

Labeyrie

Baio

et al. 2021

Atoms

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This article discusses self-organization in cold atoms via light-mediated interactions induced by feedback from a single retro-reflecting mirror. Diffractive dephasing between the pump beam and the spontaneous sidebands selects the lattice period. Spontaneous breaking of the rotational and translational symmetry occur in the 2D plane transverse to the pump. We elucidate how diffractive ripples couple sites on the self-induced atomic lattice. The nonlinear phase shift of the atomic cloud imprinted onto the optical beam is the parameter determining coupling strength. The interaction can be tailored to operate either on external degrees of freedom leading to atomic crystallization for thermal atoms and supersolids for a quantum degenerate gas, or on internal degrees of freedom like populations of the excited state or Zeeman sublevels. Using the light polarization degrees of freedom on the Poincaré sphere (helicity and polarization direction), specific irreducible tensor components of the atomic Zeeman states can be coupled leading to spontaneous magnetic ordering of states of dipolar and quadrupolar nature. The requirements for critical interaction strength are compared for the different situations. Connections and extensions to longitudinally pumped cavities, counterpropagating beam schemes and the CARL instability are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: External Degrees Of Freedom: Optomechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Light-mediated Atomic Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Self-Organization in Cold Atoms Mediated by Diffractive Coupling

Ackemann

Labeyrie

Baio

et al. 2021

Atoms

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“…While currently for dipolar gases and bosonic mixtures the challenge is to reach appreciable interactions beyond the nearest neighbour, cavity-mediated interactions are instead naturally strong at large distances. This feature is shared by other types of photon-mediated interactions based on refraction [46] or diffraction [47][48][49] (the latter also predicted to induce droplet phases [50,51]), which however lack the tunability of the range.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Light-induced quantum droplet phases of lattice bosons in multimode cavities

Karpov,

Piazza

2021

Preprint

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Multimode optical cavities can be used to implement interatomic interactions which are highly tunable in strength and range. For bosonic atoms trapped in an optical lattice, cavity-mediated interactions compete with the short-range interatomic repulsion, which we study using an extended Bose-Hubbard model. Already in a single-mode cavity, where the corresponding interaction has an infinite range, a rich phase diagram has been experimentally observed, featuring density-wave and supersolid self-organized phases in addition to the usual superfluid and Mott insulator. Here we show that, for any finite range of the cavity-mediated interaction, quantum self-bound droplets dominate the ground state phase diagram. Their size and in turn density is not externally fixed but rather emerges from the competition between local repulsion and finite-range attraction. Therefore, the phase diagram becomes very rich, featuring both compressible superfluid/supersolid as well as incompressible Mott and density-wave droplets. Additionally, we observe droplets with a compressible core and incompressible outer shells.

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Two-dimensional quantum droplets in binary quadrupolar condensates

Yang,

Zhou,

Liang

et al. 2024

New J. Phys.

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We study the stability and characteristics of two-dimensional (2D) quasi-isotropic quantum droplets (QDs) of fundamental and vortex types, formed by binary Bose-Einstein condensate with magnetic quadrupole-quadrupole interactions (MQQIs). The magnetic quadrupoles are built as pairs of dipoles and antidipoles polarized along the x-axis. The MQQIs are induced by applying an external magnetic field that varies along the x-axis. The system is modeled by the Gross-Pitaevskii equations including the MQQIs and Lee-Huang-Yang correction to the mean-field approximation. Stable 2D fundamental QDs and quasi-isotropic vortex QDs with topological charges S ≤ 4 are produced by means of the imaginary-time-integration method for configurations with the quadrupoles polarized parallel to the system’s two-dimensional plane. Effects of the norm and MQQI strength on the QDs are studied in detail. Some results, including an accurate prediction of the effective area, chemical potential, and peak density of QDs, are obtained in an analytical form by means of the Thomas-Fermi approximation. Collisions between moving QDs are studied by means of systematic simulations.

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Self-bound droplet clusters in laser-driven Bose-Einstein condensates

Cited by 19 publications

References 71 publications

Self-Organization in Cold Atoms Mediated by Diffractive Coupling

Self-Organization in Cold Atoms Mediated by Diffractive Coupling

Light-induced quantum droplet phases of lattice bosons in multimode cavities

Two-dimensional quantum droplets in binary quadrupolar condensates

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