Self-Assessed Aspects of Health 3 Months after COVID-19 Hospitalization—A Swedish Cross-Sectional Study

Larsson, Alexandra C.; Engwall, Marie; Palstam, Annie; Persson, Hanna

doi:10.3390/ijerph19138020

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…On the other hand, the evaluation of 226 COVID-19 survivors from Belgium 3 and 12 months after hospital discharge showed that female sex was associated with the risk of persistent cognitive impairment but not fatigue (Lorent et al, 2022). No sex differences related to the post-COVID fatigue were also found in recent studies assessing Swiss (Larsson et al, 2022) and Swedish populations (Diem et al, 2022). Moreover, to date, only few studies have presented details on the course of fatigue after COVID-19, separately in women and men.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Fatigue after COVID‐19 in non‐hospitalized patients according to sex

et al. 2023

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Background Limited evidence exists on sex differences in post‐COVID fatigue among non‐hospitalized patients. Therefore, aim of the study was to evaluate the course of chronic fatigue symptoms in non‐hospitalized subjects with the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, according to sex. Methods Patients and staff from the University Hospital in Krakow anonymously and retrospectively completed neuropsychological questionnaire that included eight symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome. The presence of these symptoms was assessed before COVID‐19 and 0–4, 4–12, and >12 weeks postinfection. The inclusion criteria were as follows: age 18 or more years, >12 weeks since the onset of the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, and diagnosis confirmed by the RT‐PCR from anasopharyngeal swab. Results We included 303 patients (79.53% women, 47.52% medical personnel) assessed retrospectively after a median of 30 (interquartile range: 23–35) weeks since the onset of symptoms. A higher prevalence of at least one chronic fatigue symptom was found in females in all time intervals after the onset of COVID‐19 compared to males (p < .036). Women, compared to men, more often experienced persistent fatigue, not caused by effort and persisting after rest (for <4 weeks, odds ratio [OR] = 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–4.73; for 4–12 weeks, OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.06–3.61), non‐restorative sleep (for <4 weeks, OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.23–3.81; for >12 weeks, OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.03–3.71), and sore throat (for <4 weeks, OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.03–3.78; for 4–12 weeks, OR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.05–7.27). Sex differences in headache, arthralgia, and prolonged postexercise fatigue were observed only during the first 4 weeks (OR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.45–4.60, OR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.02–8.64, and OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.01–3.51, respectively). There were no differences between women and men in myalgia and self‐reported lymph node enlargement. Conclusions The course of post‐COVID fatigue differs significantly between sexes in non‐hospitalized individuals with COVID‐19, with women more often suffering from persistent fatigue, not caused by effort and persisting after rest, non‐restorative sleep, and sore throat.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Fatigue after COVID‐19 in non‐hospitalized patients according to sex

et al. 2023

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“…For the current study, a purposive sampling from the GOT-LOCO cohort was applied to recruit persons who had been discharged from hospital approximately 6 months previously, were 18–65 years old (working age) and who had persisting self-reported symptoms at a previously performed 3-month follow-up (part of the GOT-LOCO study), including respiration, mental health and functional status. The 3-month follow-up was a structured interview, using patient-reported outcome measures, conducted by phone ( 22 ). An invitation letter was sent to 21 persons based on the inclusion criteria, in order to achieve a heterogeneous sample based on age, sex, educational level, employment category and country of birth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovering from COVID-19 – A Process Characterised by Uncertainty: A Qualitative study

Engwall

Törnbom

Persson

et al. 2022

JRM

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Objective: To obtain a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of patients with COVID-19, the recovery process and consequences for everyday life 6 months after hospital discharge.Design: An explorative qualitative study using individual interviews.Subjects: A purposive sampling was applied to recruit persons who had received inpatient hospital care, were discharged approximately 6 months previously, were of working age and had persistent self-reported symptoms at a 3-month follow-up appointment.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 participants (10 men, 5 women), which were then transcribed and analysed with inductive thematic analysis.Results: Three themes were identified: “Status of recovery – two steps forward, one step back”, “Remaining symptoms caused limitations in everyday life” and “Strategies for recovery”. Participants indicated the recovery process through 6 months after discharge was a challenging road, often involving setbacks. A wide range of persistent, fluctuating, or new symptoms negatively impacted many areas of daily life, with fatigue and lack of energy being especially prominent. Participants used a variety of strategies to cope and recover.Conclusion: This study increases our knowledge of the lived experiences of COVID-19 based individual experiences. Unexpected symptoms in the recovery process were described and not always possible to forecast.

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“…To capture the current aim, participants were purposively selected to generate a heterogeneous sample from the GOT-LOCO cohort, based on the following criteria: approximately 1 year after hospital discharge, people of varying age within the category “working age” (18–65 years old), both men and women, different levels of education, diversity in hospital care including length of stay and diversity of symptoms reported at the 3-month follow-up ( 17 ). Fourteen persons were contacted by an invitation letter followed by a phone call.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Figuring Out Life After Covid-19: a Qualitative Study From Sweden

Larsson,

Törnbom,

Sunnerhagen

et al. 2023

JRM

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Objective: To obtain a deeper understanding of the daily life experiences of working aged people during the year following hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), with a focus on functioning in daily life and return to work. Design: An explorative qualitative study using individual interviews. Subjects: A purposive sample was selected of persons who had received inpatient hospital care, had been discharged approximately 1 year previously and were of working age. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 participants (9 men, 2 women). The interviews were transcribed and analysed with inductive thematic analysis. Results: Four themes were identified. Navigating health, with or without support from healthcare, was described as challenging when managing consequences of COVID-19. Participants struggled with a lack of energy that interfered with daily life. It was a trial-and-error process trying to use familiar strategies in new ways to manage. The return to work process was facilitated by own strategies and support. Conclusion: This study contributes increased knowledge of everyday life experiences of people 1 year following hospitalization due to COVID-19. The lack of energy and a struggle to manage health while navigating the healthcare system emphasize the importance of strengthening personal and organizational health literacy to facilitate the recovery process after severe COVID-19.

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Self-Assessed Aspects of Health 3 Months after COVID-19 Hospitalization—A Swedish Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Fatigue after COVID‐19 in non‐hospitalized patients according to sex

Fatigue after COVID‐19 in non‐hospitalized patients according to sex

Recovering from COVID-19 – A Process Characterised by Uncertainty: A Qualitative study

Figuring Out Life After Covid-19: a Qualitative Study From Sweden

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