Self-assembly synthesis of a high-content sulfonic acid group functionalized ordered mesoporous polymer-based solid as a stable and highly active acid catalyst

Wang, Wei; Zhuang, Xin; Zhao, Qingfei; Wan, Ying

doi:10.1039/c2jm32894a

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…In the presence of the catalyst ( Figure 4 B), the hydrothermal reaction process was enhanced and the product appeared rapidly after 13 min because of the catalytic effect of the solid acid catalyst. When the degradation of lignin happened, the sulfonic acid group of solid acid catalyst played an important role on activated localization reaction groups and promoted the reaction rate [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Therefore, the products yield and rate were enhanced under the catalytic action of the solid acid catalyst.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Acid Biochar-Based Solid Acid Catalyst from Corn Stalk for Lignin Hydrothermal Degradation

et al. 2020

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Solid acid catalysts generally show the disadvantage of low acid amount and low recycling rate. To solve these problems, corn stalk-based solid acid catalysts were synthesized through carbonization and sulfonation processes in this work. The results showed that besides the rod-like structure inherited from raw corn stalk, the catalysts contained some small broken pieces on the surface, and the specific surface area varied from 1120 to 1640 m2/g. The functional groups (-SO3H) were successfully introduced onto the surface of the obtained solid acid catalysts. The acid amount varied between 1.2 and 2.4 mmol/g, which was higher than most of solid acid catalysts. The catalyst produced at 800 °C for 6 h in carbonation and then at 150 °C for 8 h in sulfonation had larger specific surface area and more sulfonate groups. In the degradation of lignin, the use of catalyst led to the generation of more aromatic compounds (65.6 wt. %) compared to that without using the catalyst (40.5 wt. %). In addition, a stable yield of reaction (85%) was obtained after four reuses. Therefore, corn stalk is suitable for high-value utilization to prepare high-acid amount biochar-based catalyst.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Acid Biochar-Based Solid Acid Catalyst from Corn Stalk for Lignin Hydrothermal Degradation

et al. 2020

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“…High-temperature carbonization of biomass led to violate gases, and postsulfonation led to uncertain sulfonation degree and destruction of the pore structure of the original materials, although its acid concentration was higher than that of the above-mentioned acid catalysts. Some weak acid groups such as −COOH and −OH will coexist with strong acid group of sulfonic acid, 32,33 but the sulfonic acid group was more active than other weak acid groups in conventional acid-catalyzed reactions. Compared to inorganic solid acid, polymer acids had the advantanges of higher acid concentration and acid group stablitity as well as more hydrophobic framework.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cross-Linked and Swelling Polymer as an Effective Solid Acid Catalyst

Wang

Liu

Cui

et al. 2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A stable solid acid catalyst, cross-linked poly(ether sulfone) containing high content of sulfonic acid group, was directly synthesized from sulfonic monomer. It was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, acid−base titration, and reagent uptake. This catalyst exhibited stronger acid strength and a better swelling property than conventional polymer catalyst Amberlyst 15. The effect of swelling on the access to catalytic sites was illuminated. Meanwhile, the cross-linked poly(ether sulfone) catalyst had higher acid concentration, activity, and resistance to solvent than the linear poly(ether sulfone). Acid-catalyzed reactions showed that the cross-linked poly(ether sulfone) catalyst was more active (the turnover frequency of cross-linked poly(ether sulfone) was 5 times greater than that of Amberlyst 15 in esterification of acetic acid and cyclohexanol) and stable than Amberlyst 15 catalyst.

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“…However, the dosage of functionalized silanes in these processes must be carefully controlled to avoid the destruction of ordered mesostructures or the possibility of pore blocking. In most situations, only a limited functional silane amount is allowed to be used, which often leads to a low-acid density in the pore walls [25][26][27]. Nevertheless, the acid density influences the acid strength and catalytic activity significantly and is an important parameter for practical applications [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different strategies have been employed to increase the acid density of sulfonic acid-functionalized mesoporous silicas [15,25,26,29]. For example, Wilson [25] reported the synthesis of SBA-15 with ultra-high sulfonic acid loading (2.2 mmol/g H + ) through a hydrothermal silane-promoted grafting method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Hollow Silica Nanospheres with Ultra-High Acid Density for Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysis

2019

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Hollow silica nanospheres with ultra-high acid density were fabricated successfully via sulfonation of phenyl-functionalized hollow silica nanospheres, which were synthesized through a single micelle (F127 (EO106PO70EO106))-templated method, with phenyltrimethoxysilane and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) as silane precursors under neutral conditions. The density of sulfonic acid reached as high as 1.97 mmol/g. The characterization results of 31P-NMR using triethylphosphine oxide as a probe molecule suggested that the acid strength of hybrid solid acids could be systematically tuned by tuning the content of sulfonic acid and higher acid density results in stronger acid strength. Attributed to the unique hollow structure and high-acid density, the sulfonic acid-functionalized hollow silica nanospheres exhibited good catalytic performance in the condensation reaction of benzaldehyde with ethylene glycol. Notably, this study found that the catalytic activity was significantly influenced by the acid density and the ultra-high acid loading was beneficial for the activity due to the enhanced acid strength. This novel solid-acid catalyst also showed good recyclability and could be reused for at least 11 runs.

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Self-assembly synthesis of a high-content sulfonic acid group functionalized ordered mesoporous polymer-based solid as a stable and highly active acid catalyst

Cited by 41 publications

References 65 publications

High Acid Biochar-Based Solid Acid Catalyst from Corn Stalk for Lignin Hydrothermal Degradation

High Acid Biochar-Based Solid Acid Catalyst from Corn Stalk for Lignin Hydrothermal Degradation

A Cross-Linked and Swelling Polymer as an Effective Solid Acid Catalyst

Fabrication of Hollow Silica Nanospheres with Ultra-High Acid Density for Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysis

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