Self-assembly of chiral block and gradient copolymers

Bloksma, Meta M.; Hoeppener, Stephanie; D'Haese, Cécile; Kempe, Kristian; Mansfeld, Ulrich; Paulus, Renzo M.; Schubert, Ulrich S.; Hoogenboom, Richard

doi:10.1039/c1sm06595e

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…CROP of 2-oxazolines substituted with R 2 leads to a higher conversion of the monomer when compared to 2-oxazolines with R 3 . Usually, 2-oxazolines with R 2 substituted by methyl [ 29 , 30 , 31 ] or ethyl [ 17 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ] groups are used, but the polymerization of 2-oxazolines with –C(O)OCH 3 or phenyl [ 35 ] R 2 substituents is also known. As, at the same time, we aimed to assure the LCST at a temperature close to the physiological value, the role of the R 1 substituent of the comonomer is also crucial.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative to Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) with a Reduced Ability to Crystallize and Physiological LCST

Wałach

Klama-Baryła

Sitkowska

et al. 2021

IJMS

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In this work, we sought to examine whether the presence of alkyl substituents randomly distributed within the main chain of a 2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline-based copolymer will decrease its ability to crystallize when compared to its homopolymer. At the same time, we aimed to ensure an appropriate hydrophilic/lipophilic balance in the copolymer and maintain the phase transition in the vicinity of the human body temperature. For this reason, copolymers of 2-ethyl-4-methyl-2-oxazoline and 2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline were synthesized. The thermoresponsive behavior of the copolymers in water, the influence of salt on the cloud point, the presence of hysteresis of the phase transition and the crystallization ability in a water solution under long-term heating conditions were studied by turbidimetry. The ability of the copolymers to crystallize in the solid state, and their thermal properties, were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffractometry. A cytotoxicity assay was used to estimate the viability of human fibroblasts in the presence of the obtained polymers. The results allowed us to demonstrate a nontoxic alternative to poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (PiPrOx) with a physiological phase transition temperature (LCST) and a greatly reduced tendency to crystallize. The synthesis of 2-oxazoline polymers with such well-defined properties is important for future biomedical applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative to Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) with a Reduced Ability to Crystallize and Physiological LCST

Wałach

Klama-Baryła

Sitkowska

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Branched alkyl substituents at the oxazoline monomer 2‐position offer the possibility of introducing chirality into POX materials. Bloksma et al104, 105 reported such polymers and their self‐assembly behavior to form chiral spherical and cylindrical micelles that are of potential interest for targeted drug delivery or chiral separation.…”

Section: Functional Antifouling Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyoxazolines for Nonfouling Surface Coatings — A Direct Comparison to the Gold Standard PEG

Konradi¹,

Acikgöz

Textor

2012

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

224

237

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The prevention of surface fouling is becoming increasingly important for the development of anti-infective medical implants, biosensors with improved signal-to-noise ratios, and low-fouling membranes to name a few examples. We review a direct comparison of poly(ethylene glycol), the gold standard polymer to impart surfaces with nonfouling properties, to an alternative polymer, poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMOXA), and show that both polymers are equally excellent in rendering surfaces nonfouling while PMOXA coatings are more stable in oxidative environments. We discuss prerequisites for the fabrication of nonfouling surface coatings and implications for the polymer choice according to application requirements.

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“…Bloksma et al created a 1‐pot‐2‐step process to synthesize amphiphilic block copolymers with hydrophilic 2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline (EtOx) and hydrophobic chiral R ‐2‐butyl‐4‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline ( R ‐BuEtOx) or racemic RS ‐BuEtOx monomers. The copolymers underwent self‐assembly into core/shell chiral structures.…”

Section: Particles Of Chiral Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically Active Particles of Chiral Polymers

Song

Liu

et al. 2013

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Particles constructed by chiral polymers (defined as PCPs) have emerged as a rapidly expanding research field in recent years because of their potentially wide-ranging applications in asymmetric catalysis, enantioselective crystallization, enantioselective release, amongst many others. The particles show considerable optical activity, due to the chirality of the corresponding polymers from which the particles are derived. This review article presents an overview on PCPs with emphasis on our group's recent achievements in the preparation of PCPs derived from optically active helical polymers and their applications. PCPs can be prepared via emulsion polymerization, precipitation polymerization, and suspension polymerization by starting from monomers. Emulsification of preformed chiral polymers and self-assembly approaches also can lead to PCPs. Chiral polymer-based core/shell particles, hollow particles, and magnetic particles are also covered because of their remarkable properties and significant potential applications.

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Self-assembly of chiral block and gradient copolymers

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Alternative to Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) with a Reduced Ability to Crystallize and Physiological LCST

Alternative to Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) with a Reduced Ability to Crystallize and Physiological LCST

Polyoxazolines for Nonfouling Surface Coatings — A Direct Comparison to the Gold Standard PEG

Optically Active Particles of Chiral Polymers

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