“…[18,22,23,25] Different ways to generate large repertoires of DNA-encoded compounds have been suggested in recent years, such as alternate parallel synthesis, [13] sequence-encoded routing, [26] DNA-templated organic synthesis [15] and encoded self-assembling chemical libraries. [19,27] We have recently described the construction of a DNA-encoded chemical library with 4 000 library members (termed DEL-4000), based on the stepwise addition of two chemical building blocks and the corresponding DNA sequences within the DNA fragment serving as coding tag (Figure 1 a). [18] In a typical selection experiment, the library is incubated with an immobilized target protein of choice, nonbinders are removed by stringent washing, and the enriched library compounds are amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and identified by high-throughput sequencing (Figure 1 b).…”