Self-assembled polyaniline nanostructures in situ deposited on silica optical fibers for ammonia gas sensing

Ibrahim, Siti Azlida; Rahman, Norizah Abdul; Yaacob, Mohd Hanif; Bakar, M. H. Abu; Mohamad, Fatimah Syahidah; Yahya, Nor Akmar Mohd; Yusoff, Nooraini; Mahdi, Mohd Adzir

doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2021.116962

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The ammonia molecules tend to interact with the nitrogen atom in the emeraldine salt due to its polar and electronegative nature [ 66 ]. Upon this interaction, the ammonia molecule withdraws a proton from the –N + –H site, rendering it a –NH 4 + group [ 67 ]. At the same time, a partial polar bond was linked between the PANI’s nitrogen atom with the hydrogen atom, converting the emeraldine salt to emeraldine base.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Starch/Polyaniline Biopolymer Film as Potential Intelligent Food Packaging with Colourimetric Ammonia Sensor

2022

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The use of petroleum-based plastics in food packaging leads to various environmental impacts, while spoilage of food and misinterpretation of food-date labelling account for food insecurity; therefore, a biopolymer capable of indicating food edibility is prepared to resolve these issues. In this research, starch/polyaniline (starch/PANI) biopolymer film was synthesised and investigated as an ammonia sensor for potential application as intelligent food packaging. FT-IR and XRD were used to confirm the composition of the biopolymer films, while UV-Vis spectrometry was applied to identify the oxidation state of PANI in emeraldine form. PANI was successfully incorporated into the starch matrix, leading to better thermal stability (TGA) but decreasing the crystallinity of the matrix (DSC). The performance of the polymer-film sensor was determined through ammonia-vapour sensitivity analysis. An obvious colour change from green to blue of starch/PANI films was observed upon exposure to the ammonia vapour. Starch/PANI 0.4% is the optimum composition, having the best sensor performance with good linearity (R2 = 0.9459) and precision (RSD = 8.72%), and exhibiting excellent LOD (245 ppm). Furthermore, the starch/PANI films are only selective to ammonia. Therefore, the starch/PANI films can be potentially applied as colourimetric ammonia sensors for intelligent food packaging.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Starch/Polyaniline Biopolymer Film as Potential Intelligent Food Packaging with Colourimetric Ammonia Sensor

2022

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“…PAni is widely used for NH 3 sensing as its optical properties are altered in the presence of NH 3 . In the presence of NH 3 , PAni is reversibly deprotonated, changing from ES (emeraldine salt) to EB (emeraldine base) and back again after the NH 3 has disappeared [ 19 ]. PAA is a weakly anionic polyelectrolyte that interacts strongly with alkaline gases such as NH 3 [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyacrylic Acid/Polyaniline-Coated Multimode Interferometer for Ammonia Detection

et al. 2023

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A coaxial optical fiber interferometer (COFI) is proposed here for ammonia sensing, which comprises two light-carrying single-mode fibers (SMF) fused to a section of no-core fiber (NCF), thus forming an optical interferometer. The outer surface of the COFI is coated with a layer of polyacrylic acid (PAA)/polyaniline (PAni) film. The refractive index (RI) of the sensitive layer varies when PAA/PAni interacts with ammonia, which leads to the resonance wavelength shift. The surface morphology and structure of the PAA/PAni composites were characterized by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. When the sensor was exposed to an ammonia atmosphere of different concentrations at room temperature, the sensing performance of the PAA/PAni composite film was superior to that of a sensitive film formed by single-component PAA or PAni. According to the experimental results, the composite film formed by 5 wt% PAA mixed with 2 wt% PAni shows better performance when used for ammonia sensing. A maximum sensitivity of 9.8 pm/ppm was obtained under the ammonia concentration of 50 ppm. In addition, the sensor shows good performance in response time (100 s) and recovery time (180 s) and has good stability and selectivity. The proposed optical fiber ammonia sensor is adapted to monitor leakage in its production, storage, transportation, and application.

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Low-concentration ammonia gas sensing using polyaniline nanofiber thin film grown by rapid polymerization technique

Upadhye

Dive²,

Birajadar

et al. 2022

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Self-assembled polyaniline nanostructures in situ deposited on silica optical fibers for ammonia gas sensing

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Starch/Polyaniline Biopolymer Film as Potential Intelligent Food Packaging with Colourimetric Ammonia Sensor

Starch/Polyaniline Biopolymer Film as Potential Intelligent Food Packaging with Colourimetric Ammonia Sensor

Polyacrylic Acid/Polyaniline-Coated Multimode Interferometer for Ammonia Detection

Low-concentration ammonia gas sensing using polyaniline nanofiber thin film grown by rapid polymerization technique

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