Self‐Assembled Monolayers into the 21^st Century: Recent Advances and Applications

Abstract

The modification of an interface on a molecular level with more than one molecular −building block× is essentially an example of the −bottom ± up× fabrication principle of nanotechnology. The fabrication of such integrated molecular systems in electrochemistry has seen rapid progress in recent years via the development of sensing interfaces fabricated using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). This review outlines recent advances and applications of selfassembled monolayers for modifying electrodes with an emphasis on the development of integrated molecular systems. First, some basic issues regarding fabricating integrated molecular systems, such as the role of the surface topography of the electrode and patterning surfaces, are discussed. Subsequently an overview of recent developments in pH, inorganic and bio sensing involving the use of SAMs is given. Finally emerging trends in using molecular building blocks in the fabrication of integrated molecular systems, such as nanotubes, dendrimers and nanoparticles, are reviewed.

The molecular level modification of surfaces: from self-assembled monolayers to complex molecular assemblies

“…[20][21][22] One of the main interests is the formation of silanized glass surfaces and their use in non-linear optical devices, 23 or in sensor applications. 24,25 In 1980 Sagiv published a seminal paper reporting the reaction of chloro-and alkoxy-silanes (RSiCl 3 and RSi(OR 0 ) 3 with R = C 18 H 37 and R 0 = Me or Et) with hydroxyl-terminated surfaces of oxidized substrates to afford a covalent molecular layer. 26 Hydroxyl terminated surfaces include almost any oxide surface such as glass, poly(vinyl alcohol), oxidized polyethylene, aluminium, zinc oxide, iron oxide or indium tin oxide.…”

Density Functional Investigation of the Inclusion of Gold Clusters on a CH3S Self-Assembled Lattice on Au(111)

“…Parameter a Au-free Au 1 CH 3 S species in the self-assembled lattice. In contrast, larger gold clusters destabilize the self-assembly.…”

“…Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been examined in a huge variety of applications in the field of materials chemistry or catalysis [1][2][3][4]. Methyl thiolate (SCH 3 ) SAMs on gold, and especially on the (111) surface of gold, have been regarded as a model system for the study of these two-dimensional structures [5][6][7].…”

Nanoscale stripe arrays templated on Moiré patterns in graphite

“…The ability to control surface geometry and chemistry has led to hydrophobic coatings [1], electro-chemical [2] and biochemical sensors [3]. Applications are emerging for capturing biomolecules and 5 nanoparticles [4] and as elements in electronic devices [4,5].…”