Self-assembled chitosan polymer intercalating peptide functionalized gold nanoparticles as nanoprobe for efficient imaging of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in cancer diagnostics

Shahdeo, Deepshikha; Kesarwani, Veerbhan; Suhag, Deepa; Ahmed, Jahangeer; Alshehri, Saad M.; Gandhi, Sonu

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118138

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…AuNPs were synthesised using Turkevich [ 49 ] and Frens [ 50 ] heat-reflux citrate reduction method [ 51 ]. For synthesis of AuNPs, gold chloride (0.01 mL, 10 %) was added to milli-Q water and heated until mixture began to boil.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 antigen triggered by electroactive gold nanoparticles on antibody coated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode

Roberts

Mahari

Shahdeo

et al. 2021

Analytica Chimica Acta

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, also known as 2019-nCov or COVID-19) outbreak has become a huge public health issue due to its rapid transmission making it a global pandemic. Here, we report fabricated fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) electrodes/gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) complex coupled with in-house developed SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 antibody (SARS-CoV-2 Ab) to measure the response with Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). The biophysical characterisation of FTO/AuNPs/SARS-CoV-2Ab was done via UV-Visible spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The fabricated FTO/AuNPs/SARS-CoV-2Ab immunosensor was optimised for response time, antibody concentration, temperature, and pH. Under optimum conditions, the FTO/AuNPs/Ab based immunosensor displayed high sensitivity with limit of detection (LOD) up to 0.63 fM in in standard buffer and 120 fM in spiked saliva samples for detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 antigen (Ag) with negligible cross reactivity Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) spike protein. The proposed FTO/AuNPs/SARS-CoV-2Ab based biosensor proved to be stable for up to 4 weeks and can be used as an alternative non-invasive diagnostic tool for the rapid, specific and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Ag traces in clinical samples.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 antigen triggered by electroactive gold nanoparticles on antibody coated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode

Roberts

Mahari

Shahdeo

et al. 2021

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…More specifically, when CS was used as a coating agent, derivatization of the polymer was performed after the formation of a core–shell complex ( Figure 9 B). Shahdeo et al made use of this strategy to introduce a cancer targeting peptide sequence on CS-coated Au NPs, thus ensuring the accessibility of the bioactive component by selectively anchoring it on the CS amines of the outer shell [ 148 ].…”

Section: Combination Of Covalent and Non-covalent Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Encapsulation or coating of NPs is performed when the application involves non-solubilized films or beads. Metal NPs (AuNP [ 148 ] and AgNP [ 84 ]) and metal oxide NPs (ZnO [ 63 , 83 ] and Fe 3 O 4 [ 164 , 165 , 166 ]) were combined with CS-based polymers, providing stabilizing and anti-swelling effects as well as adding complementary features to the resulting conjugates, such as optical contrast, magnetization, or bactericide effect.…”

Section: Combination Of Covalent and Non-covalent Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chitosan Functionalization: Covalent and Non-Covalent Interactions and Their Characterization

2021

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Chitosan (CS) is a natural biopolymer that has gained great interest in many research fields due to its promising biocompatibility, biodegradability, and favorable mechanical properties. The versatility of this low-cost polymer allows for a variety of chemical modifications via covalent conjugation and non-covalent interactions, which are designed to further improve the properties of interest. This review aims at presenting the broad range of functionalization strategies reported over the last five years to reflect the state-of-the art of CS derivatization. We start by describing covalent modifications performed on the CS backbone, followed by non-covalent CS modifications involving small molecules, proteins, and metal adjuvants. An overview of CS-based systems involving both covalent and electrostatic modification patterns is then presented. Finally, a special focus will be given on the characterization techniques commonly used to qualify the composition and physical properties of CS derivatives.

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“…Currently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and radionuclide probes are widely used for diagnostic applications. − These techniques show a high sensitivity but require expensive machinery; in addition, MRI has limited visibility in the transitional zone . Fluorescent probes coupled with nanomaterial have emerged as a new promising tool for noninvasive and effective cancer diagnostics. − Li et al developed magnetic resonance (MR)/near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) dual-modal nanoprobe dendron-grafted polylysine (DGL)-U11 for the targeting of uPAR . Nanoparticles function as contrast agents in optical imaging, vectors for drug targeting, sensitizers for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based probes, and tools for phototherapy. − Recently, multiple therapeutic components were loaded on nanostructures for effective targeting and imaging. − In recent years, plasmonic nanoparticles, mainly based on a Au or Ag core, have offered many advantages including high surface area to volume ratio, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and flexible physicochemical and optical properties. ,,,− Various AuNPs-based chemotherapy mediators such as AuNP-coated TNFα (termed as CYT-6091), Auroshell, are being investigated in clinical trials .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor-Mediated Targeting of a Stable Nanocomplex Coupled with Specific Peptides for Imaging of Cancer

2021

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Targeting peptides are a promising tool for early diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Overexpression of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) leads to the progression of tumors including prostate, colorectal, ovarian, and breast cancers. To improve the diagnosis and imaging efficiency, herein we report a stable nanocomplex comprising methoxy-PEG-hydrazide (mPEG-H-M)-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated to uPAR (urokinase plasminogen activator receptor)-targeting peptides GFD (growth factor domain-G) and SMB (somatomedian B-S) for efficient imaging of uPAR-overexpressing cancer cells. Fluorescently labeled targeting peptides were covalently linked to mPEG-H coated AuNPs, characterized, and analyzed by UV−vis spectroscopy, diffraction light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and fluorescence spectroscopy. In vitro evaluation was assessed with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS), cell adhesion, and fluorescence microscopy. The peptide-functionalized nanocomplex showed a higher uptake of AuNPs@ MGS in comparison with AuNPs@G or AuNPs@S alone in uPAR-overexpressing cells and exhibits no toxicity when analyzed with MTT assay. Our results demonstrated that the developed nanocomplex can be used as a platform for imaging and diagnosis of metastatic tumors.

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Self-assembled chitosan polymer intercalating peptide functionalized gold nanoparticles as nanoprobe for efficient imaging of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in cancer diagnostics

Cited by 35 publications

References 57 publications

Label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 antigen triggered by electroactive gold nanoparticles on antibody coated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode

Label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 antigen triggered by electroactive gold nanoparticles on antibody coated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode

Chitosan Functionalization: Covalent and Non-Covalent Interactions and Their Characterization

Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor-Mediated Targeting of a Stable Nanocomplex Coupled with Specific Peptides for Imaging of Cancer

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