Self-assembled biobased chitosan hybrid carrying N/P/B elements for polylactide with enhanced fire safety and mechanical properties

Cao, Xianwu; Huang, Jingshu; Tang, Zijian; Tong, Yizhang; Yuen, Anthony C.Y.; Zhao, Wanjing; Huang, Qilong; Li, Robert K.Y.; Wu, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123947

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Lignin, chitosan (CS), starch (ST), phytic acid (PA), cellulose, etc., have excellent char-forming ability and can be used to prepare biobased FRs for PLA. − Wang et al used ST and microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (MCAPP) to improve the flame-retardant properties of PLA and introduced 10 wt % ST and 20 wt % MCAPP into PLA resulting in UL-94 V-0 rating and high LOI value of 41.0% . Costes et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Flame Retardancy, Ultraviolet Shielding, and Preserved Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid with Fully Biobased Multifunctional Additives by a Green Method

Zhong,

Xu,

Niu

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Flammability, slow nucleation rates, and poor UV-shielding limit the widespread use of the bioplastic polylactic acid (PLA). Traditional functional additives usually have the disadvantages of complicated synthesis process, environmental unfriendliness, single function, etc., and after blending with PLA, it will also lead to the degradation of mechanical properties. In this work, fully biobased multifunctional additives (PN) were prepared by a simple and green aqueous phase electrostatic self-assembly method using biobased phytic acid and nicotinamide as monomers. Incorporation of only 2 wt % PN endowed PLA with the limiting oxygen index of 29.0% and the UL-94 rating of V-0, meeting the standard for flame-retardant materials. Flame-retardant mechanisms of PLA/PN composites were mainly gas phase. In addition, the UV protection factor value of PLA was increased to 90.8, showing good UV shielding ability. It was noteworthy that the incorporation of PN increased the nucleation density of PLA, thus maintaining better mechanical properties of PLA. Therefore, this work provides a green and efficient method for the large-scale preparation of fully biobased multifunctional additives, which is expected to expand the application areas of PLA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Flame Retardancy, Ultraviolet Shielding, and Preserved Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid with Fully Biobased Multifunctional Additives by a Green Method

Zhong,

Xu,

Niu

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Therefore, the I D /I G ratio can be a very good estimation of the graphitization degree of carbon. 33,48 For the PLLA@SA@CS@PA aerogel, I D /I G = 2.46, which is a clear indication of the formation of highly graphitized char. Graphitized char is known to have better flame retardancy and thermal stability than amorphous carbon.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The D band corresponds to the amorphous carbon, whereas the G band belongs to the graphitized carbon. Therefore, the I D / I G ratio can be a very good estimation of the graphitization degree of carbon. , For the PLLA@SA@CS@PA aerogel, I D / I G = 2.46, which is a clear indication of the formation of highly graphitized char. Graphitized char is known to have better flame retardancy and thermal stability than amorphous carbon. ,, However, such well-defined peaks were absent for the PLLA@SA and PLLA@SA@CS aerogels due to the low compactness of the carbonized char.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,51,52 The H 2 O and NH 3 molecules, which will be released by the pyrolysis of the aerogel, can dilute the O 2 concentration, thereby reducing the supply of atmospheric oxygen. 33 Thus, SA, CS, and PA (rich in C, N, and P elements) can synergistically minimize the exchange of heat and oxygen between the combustion zone and the PLLA matrix and impart excellent flame retardancy to the PLLA aerogel in the condensed as well as gas phases.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent times, intumescent flame retardants based on biomass-derived molecules such as chitosan (CS), phytic acid (PA), alginate, etc. have become popular for enhancing the flame retardancy of bulk PLA. ,, CS is an environment-friendly biodegradable cationic polysaccharide with multiple hydroxyl groups, PA is a biosourced phosphorus-rich anionic molecule, and alginate is an inherently flame retardant natural anionic polysaccharide (linear copolymer), all of which are readily water-soluble. − Therefore, electrostatic interactions between these differently charged molecules can be exploited for the flame retardant modification of polymer surfaces by assembling them layer-over-layer (LoL) in an organic solvent-free environment. − Such LoL assemblies have also been successfully employed for the generation of core–shell structured flame retardant particles for PLA. For example, Xiong et al fabricated core–shell flame retardants using ammonium polyphosphate as the core and CS and PA as the shell molecules .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Layer-over-Layer Electrostatic Self-Assembly of Bioresourced Compounds in Thermoreversible Polylactide Gels as an Effective Approach to Enhance the Flame Retardancy of Aerogels

G. Krishnan,

Suresh,

Parukoor Thomas

et al. 2024

Biomacromolecules

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Polylactide is a high potential polymer that can satisfy the growing demand for sustainable and lightweight materials in construction, packaging, and structural applications. However, their high flammability poses a serious concern. Herein, with the aid of solvent exchange and noncovalent interactions, poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) thermoreversible gel was modified with sodium alginate (SA), chitosan (CS), and phytic acid (PA) via a layer-over-layer approach. Freeze-drying of the modified hydrogel furnished a highly flame retardant aerogel with shape stability and no shrinkage. The modified PLLA aerogel (PLLA@SA@CS@PA) exhibited self-extinguishment of flame, the highest limiting oxygen index of any porous polylactide (∼32%), and a tremendous reduction in flammability parameters such as the heat release rate, heat release capacity, total heat release, etc. A comprehensive mechanism of flame retardancy was proposed. This work provides a sustainable strategy for the flame retardant modification of semicrystalline polymer-based aerogels and is expected to expand their practical applications in various industrial sectors.

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Straightforward synthesis of novel chitosan bio-based flame retardants and their application to epoxy resin flame retardancy

Chen,

Liu,

Yan

et al. 2024

Composites Communications

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Self-assembled biobased chitosan hybrid carrying N/P/B elements for polylactide with enhanced fire safety and mechanical properties

Cited by 13 publications

References 57 publications

Enhanced Flame Retardancy, Ultraviolet Shielding, and Preserved Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid with Fully Biobased Multifunctional Additives by a Green Method

Enhanced Flame Retardancy, Ultraviolet Shielding, and Preserved Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid with Fully Biobased Multifunctional Additives by a Green Method

Layer-over-Layer Electrostatic Self-Assembly of Bioresourced Compounds in Thermoreversible Polylactide Gels as an Effective Approach to Enhance the Flame Retardancy of Aerogels

Straightforward synthesis of novel chitosan bio-based flame retardants and their application to epoxy resin flame retardancy

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