Self-Ascribed Paranormal Ability: Reflexive Thematic Analysis

Drinkwater, Kenneth; Dagnall, Neil; Walsh, Stephen R.; Sproson, Lisa; Peverell, Matthew; Denovan, Andrew

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.845283

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The potential psychological benefits of paranormal advocacy are not merely limited to belief and experience. In a recent study using reflexive thematic analysis, Drinkwater et al (2022a , b) found that justification of professed paranormal abilities created a sense of personal coherence and significance by providing a framework for structuring significant life events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paranormal belief and well-being: The moderating roles of transliminality and psychopathology-related facets

et al. 2022

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Evaluation of prior research suggests that belief in the paranormal is more likely to be associated with negative psychological functioning, when presented alongside cognitive-perceptual factors that askew thinking and insight. The current study examined this notion using a sample of 3,084 participants (1,382 males, 1,693 females, nine non-binary). Respondents completed self-report measures assessing Paranormal Belief, Transliminality, psychopathology-related characteristics (Schizotypy and Manic-Depressive Experience), and well-being (Perceived Stress and Somatic Complaints). Responses were analysed via correlations and moderation. Paranormal Belief correlated positively with Transliminality, psychopathology-related measures, Perceived Stress, and Somatic Complaints. Moderation analyses revealed that Transliminality and psychopathology-related variables (i.e., the Unusual Experiences and Cognitive Disorganisation subscales of schizotypy, and Manic-Depressive Experience) interacted with Paranormal Belief in complex ways and were allied to higher scores on negative well-being outcomes. This indicated that within paranormal believers, Transliminality and specific psychopathology-related variables in combination predicted susceptibility to negative well-being outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paranormal belief and well-being: The moderating roles of transliminality and psychopathology-related facets

et al. 2022

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“…Broadly, these findings align with prior research, which reported that PB in the absence of cognitive-perceptual factors allied to psychopathology, was benign, or even in some instances beneficial to well-being [ 2 ]. For example, PB can perform adaptive psychological functions such as facilitate the development of self-concept [ 90 ], provide meaning [ 91 ], and create positive affect and reassurance [ 92 – 94 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paranormal belief, psychopathological symptoms, and well-being: Latent profile analysis and longitudinal assessment of relationships

Drinkwater,

Denovan,

Dagnall

2024

PLoS ONE

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Within non-clinical samples the relationship between paranormal belief (PB) and well-being varies as a function of level of psychopathology. Accordingly, believers are best conceptualised as a heterogeneous set of sub-groups. The usefulness of previous findings has been restricted by conceptual methodological limitations. Specifically, overreliance on cross-sectional design, the assumption that believers constitute a homogeneous group, and consideration of direct effects. Acknowledging these limitations, the present study investigated whether profile membership derived from PB and psychopathology (schizotypy and manic-depressive experience) predicted well-being (i.e., stress, somatic complaints, life satisfaction and meaning in life) across time. Concurrently, analysis assessed the mediating effect of theoretically important variables (transliminality, happiness orientation, fearful and skeptical attitude). A sample of 1736 (Mage = 52, range = 18 to 88; 883 females, 845 males, eight non-binary) completed self-report measures indexing study constructs across time points. Latent profile analysis at baseline, identified three sub-groups varying in level of PB and psychopathology at baseline: Profile 1, moderate PB and high psychopathology; Profile 2, moderate PB and psychopathology; and Profile 3, moderate PB and low psychopathology. Path analysis demonstrated that Profile 1 (the highest psychopathology scoring profile) predicted higher negative and lower positive well-being over time in comparison with the other profiles. Moreover, Transliminality and Fearful Attitude positively mediated this relationship, whereas Skeptical Attitude produced negative mediation. These outcomes supported the presence of a sophisticated process underpinning the PB and well-being relationship. Overall, PB in the absence of psychopathology had no significant influence on well-being.

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“…A useful starting point in this process would be to conduct interviews with believers exploring the nature, function, and consequences of their paranormal/illusory convictions. This approach has previously revealed the profound effect that personal paranormality (i.e., beliefs, perceived experiences, and professed abilities) have on individual sense of self and perceptions of well-being (Drinkwater et al, 2013(Drinkwater et al, , 2017a(Drinkwater et al, , 2022.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The paranormal health beliefs scale: an evaluation using cognitive interviewing

Denovan,

Dagnall,

Drinkwater

2024

Front. Psychol.

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Paranormal health beliefs denote the inclination to endorse illusory supernatural notions about well-being and treatment. These ideations are important since they potentially influence perceptions of health and allied behaviors. Noting this, researchers in Italy developed and verified the Paranormal Health Beliefs Scale (PHBS). Despite initial promising outcomes, the construct and measurement properties of the PHBS have remained under investigated. This is likely due to the fact that the instrument draws heavily on traditional Italian social, political, and religious influences and is overly culturally specific. Hence, items do not generalize well across populations and nationalities. Acknowledging these factors, this study used cognitive interviewing (think aloud protocol and concurrent probing) to assess the suitability of the PHBS for general use. Concurrently, the intention was to identify necessary modifications that would enhance scale performance. Fourteen interviewees (eight males and six females), evenly distributed across two rounds, participated. Round 1 focused on comprehension and perception of the PHBS. Cognitive interviews identified issues with culturally particular content/points of reference, phraseology, and wording. To address these a modified version of the PHBS was produced. Round 2 then examined the effectiveness of changes. Analysis revealed fewer concerns, although difficulties with ambiguity, complex terminology, and response scale appropriateness persisted. Overall, interviews indicated that a focus on illusory (rather than paranormal) health beliefs would improve scale utility. Methodologically, cognitive interviewing provided invaluable insights into the effectiveness of the PHBS and identified ways in which researchers could adapt the instrument for use with other cultures.

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Self-Ascribed Paranormal Ability: Reflexive Thematic Analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Paranormal belief and well-being: The moderating roles of transliminality and psychopathology-related facets

Paranormal belief and well-being: The moderating roles of transliminality and psychopathology-related facets

Paranormal belief, psychopathological symptoms, and well-being: Latent profile analysis and longitudinal assessment of relationships

The paranormal health beliefs scale: an evaluation using cognitive interviewing

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