Self-aggregated nanoparticles from methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-modified chitosan: Synthesis; characterization; aggregation and methotrexate release in vitro

Polysaccharide-Based Nanoparticles for Controlled Release Formulations

“…After this initial effect, MTX was released in a continuous way for up to 48 h, reaching percentage of cumulative release close to 60%. Therefore, the self-aggregated nanoparticles delayed the drug release in the release process when these results were compared with the release of the free drug (Yang et al, 2008).…”

“…PEG and its derivatives can be attached to the polysaccharide structure to form micelles directly in an aqueous medium by adjusting the hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of the polysaccharide chain. Chitosan has been grafted with different molecules of poly(ethylene glycol), obtaining nanoparticles with an average size ranged between 80-260 nm (Yang et al, 2008;Yoksan et al, 2004).…”

Nanoparticles Based on Modified Polysaccharides

“…chitosan -Cyclodextrin (Sakairi et al, 1998;Martel et al, 2001;Aoki et al, 2003) Modification: Sakairi prepared -CD linked chitosan using 2-O-formylmethyl--CD by reductive N-alkylation and confirmed the host-guest complex with p-nitrophenol. Chitosan є-Caprolactone Yang et al, 2008b) Modification: The PCL-graft-chitosan copolymers were synthesized by coupling the hydroxyl end-groups on preformed PCL chains and the amino groups present on 6-Otriphenylmethyl chitosan and by removing the protective 6-O-triphenylmethyl groups in acidic aqueous solution Biomedical grade chitosan Monomethoxy poly(ethyleneglycol) (Zhang et al, 2005;Yang et al, 2008b) Modification: Chitosan was completely dissolved in formic acid by stirring and a suitable amount of mPEG was added. After 15 min, enough formaldehyde solution was added to the above mixture and was stirred for 12 h. Table 2.…”

“…Therefore, poly (ethylene glycol) is widely used as a pharmacological polymer with high hydrophilicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. In recent years, derivative poly (ethylene glycol)-g-derivative chitosan to obtain nanoparticles has been studied by many researchers (Ouchi et al, 1998;Jung et al, 2006) (Park et al, 2008) (Yang et al, 2008b) (Opanasopit et al, 2007). The grafted poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether onto N-Phthaloyl chitosan chains, aggregated to obtain sphere-like nanoparticles (an et al, 2004).…”

“…Also methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-grafted chitosan to develop polymeric micelles for the drug delivery to brain tumor was synthesized. (Jung et al, 2006) Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-grafted-chitosan conjugates by formaldehyde linking method was synthesized (Yang et al, 2008b). The conjugates formed monodisperse selfaggregated nanoparticles with a roughly spherical shape and a mean diameter of 261.9 nm.…”