Selenium status in Southern Tasmania

Jacobson, GA; Tong, YC; Townsend, Ashley T.; Featherstone, AM; Ball, MJ; Robertson, IK; Peterson, Gregory M.

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602628

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The mean serum Se concentration was similar to the earlier published Tasmanian data of McGlashan et al ( 22 ) of 80·5 μg/l from 171 female blood donors, while a much smaller sample of blood donors in the study of Daniels ( 24 ) had a mean serum Se concentration of 77·4 μg/l ( n 25). Conversely, the most recent southern Tasmanian study of Jacobson et al ( 23 ) has reported a considerably higher mean plasma Se concentration of 109·8 μg/l. Although different sample types (plasma v .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Marginal selenium status in northern Tasmania

Beckett

Ball

2011

Br J Nutr

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Se plays many important roles in humans. Marginal Se status has been associated with adverse health effects including an increased risk of chronic disease such as cancer. There are few Australian data, but the population of Tasmania, Australia, is potentially at risk of marginal Se status. A cross-sectional study of 498 men and women aged 25-84 years was undertaken to assess the Se status of the northern Tasmanian population. Se status was assessed using dietary estimates and measures of serum Se and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Mean Se intakes were 77·4 (SD 31·3) and 65·1 (SD 23·7) mg/d for men and women, respectively; 27 % of the subjects consumed less than the Australian/New Zealand estimated average requirement. Mean serum Se concentration was 89·1 (SD 15·1) mg/l; 83 % of the study subjects had serum Se concentrations below 100 mg/l and 60 % had serum Se concentration below 90 mg/l, suggesting that Se status in many subjects was inadequate for maximal GPx activity. This was supported by the positive association between serum Se and serum GPx (P, 0·001), indicating that enzyme activity was limited by Se concentrations. The lowest mean serum Se concentrations were observed in the oldest age ranges; however, the prevalence of marginal Se status was similar across age ranges and did not appear to be influenced by sex or socioeconomic status. The prevalence of marginal Se status was high in all sex and age subgroups, suggesting that the northern Tasmanian population could benefit from increasing Se intakes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Marginal selenium status in northern Tasmania

Beckett

Ball

2011

Br J Nutr

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“…5 They also determined that selenium levels lower than 0.7 µmol/L were associated with more complications and greater mortality. This was considerably lower than previously reported levels for Australia, [164][165][166][167][168][169][170] ( Table 3-2) with the majority of patients having a level below the minimum level of 1.14 -1.27 µmol/L required for maximal GPx activity. 171,173 An additional finding from our study was that cellular components i.e.…”

Section: 128contrasting

confidence: 48%

“…There are also considerable differences across the various regions and states of Australia [164][165][166][167][168][169][170] ( Table 3-2). These variations are largely due to variations in soil selenium levels and ultimately the availability of selenium in foods.…”

Section: Chapter 8 : General Discussion and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[164][165][166][167][168][169][170] The present study assessed plasma selenium levels in donors from three geographically distinct regions and demonstrated that selenium levels in donors from South East Queensland (Toowoomba) were lower than those from Far North Queensland (Cairns) and Central Queensland (Rockhampton). These data, together with previous studies in South Australia 167,168,170 and Tasmania 164,166 ( The average plasma selenium level in the Queensland population studied was within the normal reference range currently used in Australia (55 -110 µg/L). However, the majority of donors (88.5%) had levels that were below 100 µg/L and 43.4% had levels below 80 µg/L.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selenium and oxidative stress modulation during extracorporeal circulation

McDonald¹

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Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RNOS) and the antioxidant system. In cardiac surgery patients and the critically ill there is an association between oxidative stress and morbidity and mortality.Extracorporeal circulation (ECC) encompasses cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) which is used for cardiac surgery; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) which is used for cardio-respiratory support in the critically ill and haemodialysis which is used in patients with intermittent or end-stage renal failure.During ECC, the patient's total blood volume is in direct contact with an artificial surface for extended periods. In addition, there is often pre-existing inflammation, surgical trauma and/or ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury, all of which are major activators for the increased production of RNOS. Concurrent decreases in the level of essential antioxidants and trace elements (such as selenium, zinc and copper) occur, which upset redox balance in favour of oxidative stress. The trace element selenium is required for the normal function of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Despite in vitro and biochemical data suggesting that reinforcement of antioxidant activity by selenium supplementation might reduce excessive oxidative stress damage, there is conflicting evidence in clinical studies.The reason for failure of antioxidant supplementation in the clinical setting is currently unclear.We postulated that the ECC and its associated interventions such as transfusion, might have a larger impact on trace element loss, antioxidant function and the oxidative stress response than previously recognised. This led to the following questions:  What is the selenium level in healthy Queensland residents, and is this level similar to that reported in other parts of the world? Does a patient's pre-CPB or pre-ECMO circulating selenium level influence their outcome? Does the ECC independently alter circulating selenium levels and the oxidative stress response? Do other interventions during ECC, such as transfusion, alter circulating selenium and oxidative stress levels?iii This thesis focussed on oxidative stress and the trace element selenium, because oxidative stress is associated with poorer outcomes in cardiac and critically ill patients, and decreased selenium is independently associated with poorer outcomes. To answer the research questions outlined above, a series of experiments were designed and conducted, and they generated the following new information.The average selenium level in a Queensland blood donor population was defined at 1.09 µmol/L (Chapter 3). In addition 88.5% of participants had a selenium level lower than the critical level required for maximal glutathione peroxidase activity, which has previously been determined to be between 1.14 -1.27 µmol/L. Furthermore, this study generated novel information that packed red blood cells and buffy coat pooled platelets have very low levels of selenium (≤ 0.3 µmol/L).The effect of car...

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“…The Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 and Privacy Act 1988 govern access to use and disclosure of electoral roll data and medical researchers may obtain electoral data for approved research. AEC records have been used successfully to recruit controls for case control studies 2–4 and to recruit participants in population cross‐sectional studies, 5–8 however, generally such studies seek only to recruit individuals of specific gender and/or age group. These results show how AEC records may be employed for recruitment and effective targeting of households with specific exposures or demographics, through the use of an advance letter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Australian Electoral Commission Roll has good utility for ‘niche’ household recruitment in population health studies

O'Toole

Rodrigo

Sinclair

et al. 2009

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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Objective: To investigate the recruitment of ‘niche’ household populations, defined by their household characteristics and/or water supply type for health studies. Methods: The Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) database was used to recruit households for participation in two health‐related studies, the first, a recycled water usage study and the second, an epidemiological study investigating household rainwater use. Results: The AEC database facilitated the identification and recruitment of households using a particular water supply from among the general household population. Conclusions: The good utility of the AEC roll in household recruitment was associated with its coverage, accuracy and the ability to delimit the sampling frame according to the geographical area(s) and household characteristics of interest. Its use also allowed personalised contact to be made with potential survey participants by mail, contact that is not otherwise possible using existing telephone and on‐line databases. Implications: The AEC database is a valuable resource for household recruitment in a diversity of health and environmental exposure surveys.

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Selenium status in Southern Tasmania

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Marginal selenium status in northern Tasmania

Marginal selenium status in northern Tasmania

Selenium and oxidative stress modulation during extracorporeal circulation

The Australian Electoral Commission Roll has good utility for ‘niche’ household recruitment in population health studies

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