Selenium-Induced Growth Reduction inBrassicaLand Races Considered for Phytoremediation

Toxicity comparison of some possible toxic metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Se, Zn) on young seedlingsof Sinapis alba L.

“…The Se concentration in the roots and cotyledons of S. alba seedlings was comparable to the results published by Wanek et al (1999) for Melilotus officinalis and Atriplex canescens growing in the soils amended with 3 mg Se/kg soil. Banuelos et al (1997) indicate in Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Cross and Brassica carinata growing in water culture higher accumulation of Se in the shoots than in the roots and this is opposite to our results obtained for S. alba seedlings. This difference could be caused by the plant age.…”

“…The only difference was in the position of Pb, which was for L. minor introduced as more toxic than Cd. Banuelos et al (1997) concluded that dry matter (DM) of shoots and roots of several land races of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Cross and Brassica carinata grown in Se-enriched water significantly decreased with increasing Se amendment. While decreases in the shoot dry matter yield ranged from 12 to 23%, the root growth decreased still more.…”

“…During our tests, very young seedlings (only 11 days old) were analyzed and translocation of Se to aboveground plant parts was probably slow, because Se is transported predominantly in the xylem (Marschner 1995) and presumably the greater leaf surface area contributed to a relatively higher transpiration rate and increased movement of Se to the transpiring leaves of plants (Banuelos et al 1997). As well as no visual symptoms of Se toxicity were observed during our experiments on any of the Brassica land races grown in the Seenriched medium (Banuelos et al 1997). The differences in Se accumulated amounts in the roots and shoots of the plant depend also on Se form in the hydroponic solution (Zayed et al 1998).…”

The effects of selenate and sulphate supply on the accumulation and volatilization of Se by cabbage, kohlrabi and alfalfa plants grown hydroponically

“…211-1565 µg g -1 DW. Using soils contaminated with moderate levels of Se, it was shown that some Brassica species (B. juncea and B. napus) could be classified as secondary Se accumulator plants with a typical Se concentration of several hundred mg of Se kg -1 DW in their shoot tissues (Bañuelos et al 1997).…”

“…It was reported that, members of Cruciferae have an exceptionally high requirement for S (Marschner 1995) and simultaneously accumulate relatively large amounts of Se and might contain, and tolerate, several hundred µg Se g -1 shoot dry matter (Bañuelos et al 1997). Se uptake and its effect on growth of alfalfa as an important feed crop have been studied by many authors (Soltanpour and Workman 1980, Mikkelsen et al 1987, 1988.…”