Selenium inclusion decreases oxidative stress indicators and muscle injuries in sea bass larvae fed high-DHA microdiets

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of Se inclusion in high-DHA and vitamin E microdiets (5 g DHA/100 g dry weight and 300 mg vitamin E/100 g dry weight; 5 g DHA/100 g dry weight and 300 mg vitamin E/100 g dry weight supplemented with Se) in comparison with a control diet (1 g DHA/100 g dry weight and 150 mg vitamin E/100 g dry weight) on sea bass larval growth, survival, biochemical composition, malonaldehyde (MDA) content, muscle morphology and antioxidant enzymes (AOE), insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and myosin expression. For a given DHA and vitamin E dietary content, Se inclusion favoured larval total length and specific growth rate, and reduced the incidence of muscular lesions, MDA contents and AOE gene expression. In contrast, IGF gene expression was elevated in the 5/300 larvae, suggesting an increased muscle mitogenesis that was corroborated by the increase in mRNA copies of myosin heavy chain. The results of the present study denoted the beneficial effect of Se not only in preventing oxidative stress, as a glutathione peroxidase cofactor, but probably due to other as yet unknown physiological functions.

Effect of increasing docosahexaenoic acid content in weaning diets on survival, growth and skeletal anomalies of longfin yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana,Valenciennes 1833)

“…() and Betancor, Caballero, Terova, Saleh et al. () by mixing squid meal and water‐soluble components, then the lipid and fat soluble vitamins and, finally, gelatin dissolved in warm water. The paste was compressed pelleted (Severin, Suderm, Germany) and dried in an oven (Ako, Barcelona, Spain) at 38°C for 24 hr.…”

Optimum selenium levels in diets high in plant‐based feedstuffs for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fingerlings

“…Furthermore, under stressful conditions, Se requirements are increased, whereas under normal conditions these levels would be considered toxic (Khan, Zuberi, Fernandes, Ullah, & Sarwar, 2017). Se toxicity curses with reduced growth and feed efficiency, increased oxidative stress mortality, increased skeletal anomalies, oedema, decreased egg viability, altered immunological functions, necrosis of renal tubules and renal calcinosis, while deficiencies can produce reduced growth, mortality, lethargy, diminished appetite, muscle dystrophy, reduced vitamin E levels and low haematocrit (Bell, Cowey, Adron, & Pirie, 1987;Berntssen et al, 2018;Betancor et al, 2012;Choi et al, 2015;Gatlin & Wilson, 1984;Lin & Shiau, 2005;Pacitti et al, 2015;Saleh et al, 2014;Schultz & Hermanutz, 1990;Tashjian, Teh, Sogomonyan, & Hung, 2006;Watanabe et al, 1997;Zee, Patterson, Gagnon, & Hecker, 2016).…”

Organic, inorganic and nanoparticles of Se, Zn and Mn in early weaning diets for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata;Linnaeus, 1758)

“…). Studies that aimed to determine optimum levels of nutrients in compound diets for larvae have focused mainly on lipids and essential fatty acids (Izquierdo, Tandler, Salhi & Kolkovski ; Villeneuve, Gisbert, Zambonino‐Infante, Quazuguel & Cahu ), protein and amino acids (Carvalho, Sá, Oliva‐Teles & Bergot ; Kvåle, Harboe, Mangor‐Jensen & Hamre ; Pinto, Figueira, Ribeiro, Yúfera, Dinis & Aragão ), and vitamins (Mazurais, Glynatsi, Darias, Christodoulopoulou, Cahu, Zambonino‐Infante & Koumoundouros ; Betancor, Atalah, Caballero, Benítez‐Santana, Roo, Montero & Izquierdo ), whereas research on dietary mineral content only started very recently (Betancor, Caballero, Terova, Saleh, Atalah, Benítez‐Santana, Bell & Izquierdo ; Saleh, Betancor, Roo, Montero, Zamorano & Izquierdo ). The high surface volume of the small particle size of compound feeds for larvae and the long duration in the water until the larvae ingest them, greatly increase the risk of leaching and oxidation in this type of diet.…”