Selenium Effects on Glutathione Peroxidase and the Immune Response of Stressed Calves Challenged with

Stabel, Judith R.; Spears, J. W.; Brown, T. T.; Brake, J.

doi:10.2527/jas1989.672557x

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Se deficiency, also, did not affect susceptibility of stressed steers to P. haemolytica challenge (Stabel et al 1989). Injecting stressed steers with Se and/or vitamin E did not affect health status during the receiving period (Droke & Loerch, 1989).…”

Section: Disease Resistancementioning

confidence: 82%

Micronutrients and immune function in cattle

2000

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Complex inter-relationships exist between certain micronutrients, immune function and disease resistance in cattle. Several micronutrients have been shown to influence immune responses. The relationship between deficiencies of some micronutrients and disease resistance is less clear. A number of studies have indicated that Cr supplementation may improve cell-mediated and humoral immune response as well as resistance to respiratory infections in stressed cattle. With respiratory-disease challenge models Cr generally does not affect disease resistance. Deficiencies of Cu, Se, vitamin E and Co in cattle reduce the ability of isolated neutrophils to kill yeast and/or bacteria. Cu deficiency reduces antibody production, but cell-mediated immunity is generally not altered. However, Cu deficiency appears to reduce production of interferon and tumour necrosis factor by mononuclear cells. Numerous studies have linked low vitamin E and/or Se status to increased susceptibility of dairy cows to intramammary infections. In contrast to findings in laboratory animals, marginal Zn deficiency does not appear to impair antibody production or lymphocyte responsiveness to mitogen stimulation in ruminants. Co deficiency has been associated with reduced resistance to parasitic infections. It is well documented that vitamin A-deficient animals are more susceptible to various types of infections. β-Carotene, possibly via its antioxidant properties, may affect immune function and disease resistance independent of its role as a precursor of vitamin A.

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Section: Disease Resistancementioning

confidence: 82%

Micronutrients and immune function in cattle

2000

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“…Serum antibody titers did not differ between treatments 14 d after the challenge but were greater in Se-adequate calves than in Se-deficient calves 14 d after the second IBRV challenge on d 35. Reffett Stabel et al (1989) compared the immune response of newly weaned calves from dams fed either Se-deficient or Seadequate diets, with or without an intratracheal inoculation with P. hemolytica 3 d after weaning and transport. Titers to P. hemolytica were lower ( P < .05) in calves from Se-adequate dams than in calves from Se-deficient dams, and Se status did not affect weight gains during the study or body temperature after the challenge.…”

Section: Effects Of Copper On Health and Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of cattle health/immunity and nutrition.

Galyean

Perino

Duff

1999

Journal of Animal Science

196

104

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The usual means of assessing the health of newly received beef cattle susceptible to bovine respiratory disease (BRD) are subjective, typically involving visual evaluation aided by minimal clinical measurements. Recent evidence based on the occurrence of pneumonic lung lesions at slaughter indicates a need for more accurate methods of diagnosing BRD. Inadequate passive immune transfer at birth may be an important risk factor in susceptibility to BRD, suggesting the need for management to improve passive transfer success rates. Preweaning management and vaccination practices offer opportunities for beef cattle producers to improve the immune status of newly weaned calves and decrease postweaning BRD. Feeding diets with higher levels of concentrate typically improves performance by newly weaned or received cattle, as does feeding diets supplemented with protein; however, limited data suggest that increasing concentrate and protein in receiving diets increases the rate and severity of subjectively determined BRD morbidity. Research with receiving diet concentrate/protein level relative to humoral and cell-mediated immune function coupled with indicators of health and performance is needed. Supplemental B vitamins are sometimes useful in receiving diets, but the effects have been variable, presumably reflecting differences in stress and associated feed intake responses. Vitamin E added to receiving diets to supply > or = 400 IU/animal daily seems beneficial for increasing gain and decreasing BRD morbidity; however, further dose titration experiments are needed. Supplemental Zn, Cu, Se, and Cr can alter immune function of newly received calves, and some field trials have shown decreases in BRD morbidity rate with supplementation; however, several experiments have shown no performance or health/immune benefits from supplementation of these trace minerals. Formulation of receiving diets should take into account decreased feed intake by highly stressed, newly received beef cattle and known nutrient deficiencies, but fortification of such diets with trace minerals beyond the levels needed to compensate for these effects is difficult to justify from present data.

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“…In weaned and transported calves challenged with Manhemia hemolytica, signs of morbidity coincided with elevated plasma GSH-Px, however, no evidence of whole blood GSH-Px alteration in the face of Manhemia exposure was observed even if both plasma and whole blood GSH-Px activity were higher in calves that had been supplemented with selenium [259]. GSH-Px activity, therefore, is dependent on selenium status in addition to oxidative stress and adaptive responses.…”

Section: Transport Related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 91%