Selenium deposition kinetics of different selenium sources in muscle and feathers of broilers

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine selenium (Se) deposition kinetics in muscles and feathers of broilers in order to develop a rapid method to compare bioavailability of selenium sources. Different Se sources such as 2-hydroxy-4-methylselenobutanoic acid (HMSeBA, SO), sodium selenite (SS) and seleno-yeast (SY) were compared for their kinetics on Se deposition in muscles and feathers in broiler chicks from 0 to 21 d of age. A total of 576 day-old broilers were divided into four treatments with 8 replicates of 18 birds per pen. The diets used in the experiment were a negative control (NC) not supplemented with Se and 3 diets supplemented with 0.2 mg Se/kg as SS, SY or SO. Total Se content in breast muscle and feathers were assessed on days 0, 7, 14 and 21. At 7 d of age, SO increased muscle Se content compared to D0 (P < 0.05), whereas with the other treatments, muscle Se concentration decreased (P < 0.05). After 21 days, organic Se sources maintained (SY) or increased (SO) (P < 0.05) breast muscle Se concentration compared to hatch value whereas inorganic source (SS) or non-supplemented group (NC) showed a significant decrease in tissue Se concentration (P < 0.05). At D21, Se contents of muscle and feathers were highly correlated (R(2) = 0.927; P < 0.0001). To conclude, these results indicate that efficiency of different Se sources can be discriminated through a 7 d using muscle Se content in broiler chickens. Muscle and feathers Se contents were highly correlated after 21 days. Also feather sampling at 21 days of age represents a reliable and non-invasive procedure for Se bioefficacy comparison.

Antioxidant systems in chick embryo development. Part 1. Vitamin E, carotenoids and selenium

“…Indeed, hens fed the diet with HMSeBA at 0.2 ppm accumulated more Se in their eggs (+28.78%; P < 0.01) and muscles (+28%; P < 0.01) than those fed the diet supplemented with Se-yeast at the same level of supplementation ( Jlali et al., 2013 ). In an experiment with the growing chickens it was shown that after 21 days, organic Se sources maintained (Se-yeast) or increased (HMSeBA) ( P < 0.05) breast muscle Se concentration compared to hatch value whereas inorganic source (SS) or non-supplemented group (NC) showed a significant decrease in tissue Se concentration ( P < 0.05) ( Couloigner et al., 2015 ). Maternal Se has a long-term consequences for the developing embryo and newly hatched chicks ( Pappas et al., 2005 ).…”

Brown rice, selenium yeast and ?-tocopherol acetate in chicken’s diet: effects on meat quality

“…The same authors also found that at 21 days of age, the amount of Se in the breast muscle remained the same as that at birth in birds fed SeL, while it decreased in birds supplemented with inorganic Se and in birds that were not supplemented. The reduction of Se in the breast muscle in that work could be explained in part by Se mobilisation in the muscle through protein turnover, releasing the selenomethionine from muscle proteins (COULOIGNER et al, 2015). Conversely, the rapid breast muscle growth between 14 and 21 days of age could also explain the slight reduction of Se in the breast in birds fed SeL (COULOIGNER et al, 2015).…”

“…The reduction of Se in the breast muscle in that work could be explained in part by Se mobilisation in the muscle through protein turnover, releasing the selenomethionine from muscle proteins (COULOIGNER et al, 2015). Conversely, the rapid breast muscle growth between 14 and 21 days of age could also explain the slight reduction of Se in the breast in birds fed SeL (COULOIGNER et al, 2015). O'Grady et al (2001) found that the inclusion of dietary SeL, with or without the addition of VE, did not affect the muscle Se concentrations of beef cattle.…”

“…Therefore, the relation between VE and SeL could be influencing the results of this experiment. Couloigner et al (2015) studied the kinetics of deposition of various Se sources on the chest muscle and feathers of broilers up to 21 days of age. These authors found that at 7 days of age, the amount of Se in the breast muscle decreased significantly by 15 and 37% compared to 1-day-old chicks supplemented with 0.2 mg Se/kg in organic and inorganic form, respectively.…”

“…A preventive treatment is the supplementation of animal diets with antioxidative compounds (MORRISSEY et al, 1994), like vitamin E (VE) and selenium (Se) that relate directly to the meat quality (MAHAN; KIM, 1999). α-Tocopherol, the most biologically active form of VE, can reduce the colour degradation by decreasing myoglobin oxidation (FAUSTMAN et al, 1998), neutralising free radicals in the cellular membranes, and protecting the phospholipid-rich fraction in subcellular membranes where lipid oxidation is initiated (BARROETA et al, 2002). This process improves the quality of meat products and increases the VE concentration in the tissues (AJUYAH et al, 1993;BUCKLEY et al, 1995).…”