Selenium and selenoproteins in prostanoid metabolism and immunity

Qian, Fenghua; Misra, Santosh; Prabhu, K. Sandeep

doi:10.1080/10409238.2020.1717430

Cited by 55 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 337 publications

(310 reference statements)

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“…Published data support the hypothesis that selenium adequacy prevents excessive cytokine activation in infectious, inflammatory and oncological models [ 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 ]. In some cases, supra-therapeutic selenium contributed to enhanced adaptive immunity by reinvigorating cytotoxic cells and moderating the release of inflammatory cytokines by the innate immune system [ 14 , 58 ]. The presence of SELENOS polymorphisms that directly influence cytokine production is particularly telling [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… TXNRD2 preserves mitochondrial integrity, redox homeostasis and cardiac function in the ageing heart [ 21 ]. Anti-inflammatory Selenoproteins: – produce anti-inflammatory lipid mediators from arachidonic acid to protect cells against pro-inflammatory gene expression induced by oxidative stress [ 14 , 22 ]; – increase the production of 15d-PGJ2 decreasing activation of NF-κB and down- regulating inflammatory-gene expression [ 14 , 22 ] – activate PPAR-γ, repressing inflammatory gene expression [ 14 , 22 ]. GPXs: metabolise ROS to prevent activation of NF-κB, its translocation to the nucleus and its binding to pro-inflammatory cytokine genes [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… NF-κB is activated by multiple families of viruses, promoting viral replication and preventing virus-induced apoptosis [ 35 ]. By increasing the production of 15d-PGJ2, Se/ selenoproteins can decrease activation of NF-κB, reducing viral replication [ 14 ]. Transport SELENOP transports Se from liver to tissues including brain, testes and placenta [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selenium and selenoproteins in viral infection with potential relevance to COVID-19

et al. 2020

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Selenium is a trace element essential to human health largely because of its incorporation into selenoproteins that have a wide range of protective functions. Selenium has an ongoing history of reducing the incidence and severity of various viral infections; for example, a German study found selenium status to be significantly higher in serum samples from surviving than non-surviving COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, a significant, positive, linear association was found between the cure rate of Chinese patients with COVID-19 and regional selenium status. Moreover, the cure rate continued to rise beyond the selenium intake required to optimise selenoproteins, suggesting that selenoproteins are probably not the whole story. Nonetheless, the significantly reduced expression of a number of selenoproteins, including those involved in controlling ER stress, along with increased expression of IL-6 in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells in culture suggests a potential link between reduced selenoprotein expression and COVID-19-associated inflammation. In this comprehensive review, we describe the history of selenium in viral infections and then go on to assess the potential benefits of adequate and even supra-nutritional selenium status. We discuss the indispensable function of the selenoproteins in coordinating a successful immune response and follow by reviewing cytokine excess, a key mediator of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19, and its relationship to selenium status. We comment on the fact that the synthetic redox-active selenium compound, ebselen, has been found experimentally to be a strong inhibitor of the main SARS-CoV-2 protease that enables viral maturation within the host. That finding suggests that redox-active selenium species formed at high selenium intake might hypothetically inhibit SARS-CoV-2 proteases. We consider the tactics that SARS-CoV-2 could employ to evade an adequate host response by interfering with the human selenoprotein system. Recognition of the myriad mechanisms by which selenium might potentially benefit COVID-19 patients provides a rationale for randomised, controlled trials of selenium supplementation in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selenium and selenoproteins in viral infection with potential relevance to COVID-19

et al. 2020

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“…Adequate selenium intake has also been indicated to be critical to proper immune function and decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases (Avery and Hoffmann 2018 ; Huang et al 2012 ; Kuria et al 2020 ; Qian et al 2019 ; Rayman 2012 ). Furthermore, beneficial effects of appropriate blood selenium levels as a factor against virus infections (particularly HIV and, more, recently against SARS-CoV-2) and sepsis severity have also frequently appeared in the literature (Aggarwal et al 2016 ; Alhazzani et al 2013 ; Guillin et al 2019 ; Heller et al 2020 ; Mertens et al 2015 ; Moghaddam et al 2020 ; Rayman 2012 ; Zhang et al 2020b , c ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicology and pharmacology of synthetic organoselenium compounds: an update

2021

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Here, we addressed the pharmacology and toxicology of synthetic organoselenium compounds and some naturally occurring organoselenium amino acids. The use of selenium as a tool in organic synthesis and as a pharmacological agent goes back to the middle of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. The rediscovery of ebselen and its investigation in clinical trials have motivated the search for new organoselenium molecules with pharmacological properties. Although ebselen and diselenides have some overlapping pharmacological properties, their molecular targets are not identical. However, they have similar anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, possibly, via activation of transcription factors, regulating the expression of antioxidant genes. In short, our knowledge about the pharmacological properties of simple organoselenium compounds is still elusive. However, contrary to our early expectations that they could imitate selenoproteins, organoselenium compounds seem to have non-specific modulatory activation of antioxidant pathways and specific inhibitory effects in some thiol-containing proteins. The thiol-oxidizing properties of organoselenium compounds are considered the molecular basis of their chronic toxicity; however, the acute use of organoselenium compounds as inhibitors of specific thiol-containing enzymes can be of therapeutic significance. In summary, the outcomes of the clinical trials of ebselen as a mimetic of lithium or as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 proteases will be important to the field of organoselenium synthesis. The development of computational techniques that could predict rational modifications in the structure of organoselenium compounds to increase their specificity is required to construct a library of thiol-modifying agents with selectivity toward specific target proteins.

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“…Debido a eso, el selenio y el cobre actúan como cofactores en numerosas reacciones bioquímicas (13). El selenio juega un papel importante en la regulación de diversos procesos metabólicos y es una parte integral de las selenoproteínas (14). Sin embargo, el papel fisiológico del selenio se concentra principalmente en la actividad de la glutatión peroxidasa (GSHPx), por lo tanto, se ha sugerido que el selenio podría mejorar la inmunidad, el crecimiento y el rendimiento reproductivo (15).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Organic supplementation of Cu and Se in the diets of Normande dairy cows

Rodriguez-Hernandez¹,

Cediel-Devia

Serrano³

2020

Rev MVZ Córdoba

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Objective: to evaluate the effects of organic copper (Cu) and selenium (Se) on milk production, milk quality and reproductive parameters of Normande dairy cows. Materials and methods: 36 multiparous cows (BW = 600 ± 32 kg) were used, distributed in completely randomized blocks. Treatments were: T0: without mineral supplementation, T1: inorganic mineral supplementation with Cu and Se, T2: 50% Inorganic supplementation + 50% organic supplementation, with an experimental period of 150 days (30 days before calving and 120 days of lactation). The variables evaluated were milk production and quality (total solids, proteins, fat, somatic cells and MUN), blood metabolites (glucose, betahydroxybutyrate and BUN) and reproductive parameters (open days, days to first service and services per conception). Results: No differences were observed in milk production and quality (P> 0.05). However, open days and services per conception were shorter when cows were supplemented with organic minerals (P <0.05). Conclusions: In this study milk production, milk quality and blood metabolites were not affected by supplementation with Se and Cu. However, the reproductive parameters of the cows improved when supplemented with organic Se and Cu.

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Selenium and selenoproteins in prostanoid metabolism and immunity

Cited by 55 publications

References 337 publications

Selenium and selenoproteins in viral infection with potential relevance to COVID-19

Selenium and selenoproteins in viral infection with potential relevance to COVID-19

Toxicology and pharmacology of synthetic organoselenium compounds: an update

Organic supplementation of Cu and Se in the diets of Normande dairy cows

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