Selenium and Selenoproteins in Adipose Tissue Physiology and Obesity

Tinkov, Alexey A.; Ajsuvakova, Olga P.; Filippini, Tommaso; Zhou, Jianyu; Lei, Xin Gen; Gatiatulina, Eugenia R.; Michalke, Bernhard; Skalnaya, Margarita G.; Vinceti, Marco; Aschner, Michael; Skalny, Anatoly V.

doi:10.3390/biom10040658

Cited by 70 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 253 publications

(261 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, several studies indicate that Se levels are lower in obese individuals and a recent systematic review confirmed both that mean levels of Se in blood/serum were lower in the obese compared with healthy adult subjects and that mean blood GPX activity was decreased in obese individuals (96) . Interestingly, the authors reported that Se levels were higher in subjects with the metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Selenium Status and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 90%

Selenium and viral infection: are there lessons for COVID-19?

et al. 2020

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Selenium (Se) is a micronutrient essential for human health. Sub-optimal Se status is common, occurring in a significant proportion of the population across the world including parts of Europe and China. Human and animal studies have shown that Se status is a key determinant of the host response to viral infections. In this review, we address the question whether Se intake is a factor in determining the severity of response to COVID-19. Emphasis is placed on epidemiological and animal studies which suggest that Se affects host response to RNA viruses and on the molecular mechanisms by which Se and selenoproteins modulate the inter-linked redox homeostasis, stress response and inflammatory response. Together these studies indicate that Se status is an important factor in determining the host response to viral infections. Therefore, we conclude that Se status is likely to influence human response to the SARS-CoV-2 infection and that Se status is one (of several) risk factors which may impact on the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in populations where Se intake is sub-optimal or low. We suggest the use of appropriate markers to assess the Se status of COVID-19 patients and possible supplementation may be beneficial in limiting the severity of symptoms, especially in countries where Se status is regarded as sub-optimal.

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Section: Selenium Status and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 90%

Selenium and viral infection: are there lessons for COVID-19?

et al. 2020

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“…It is well established that adequate levels of selenium are important for the functioning of the central nervous system, endocrine system, reproductive system, and cardiovascular system, as well as for regulating immune processes [ 23 ]. A very recent review of the literature on Se metabolism in adipocyte physiology and obesity pathogenesis concluded that Se appears to play an essential role in adipose tissue physiology and pathophysiology, but strongly emphasized the huge inconsistency in the findings of studies on the human population [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Obese Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder More Likely to Be Selenium Deficient? Research Findings on Pre- and Post-Pubertal Children

Błażewicz

Dolliver

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Selenium is involved in many metabolic pathways that are critical for life. Information concerning the metabolic effects of selenium in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obesity is still conflicting and incomplete. The pre- and post-pubertal selenium profiles of patients with ASD and obesity have not yet been investigated. The goal of the study was to examine selenium content before and after puberty in euthyroid children diagnosed with ASD, compared to age-matched neurotypical controls, with respect to overweight or obesity as a co-existing pathology. Serum, toenail, and 24h urine selenium levels were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 287 prepubertal children (mean age 8.09 years), divided into groups: ASD with overweight/obesity (ASD+/Ob+); ASD without overweight/obesity (ASD+/Ob−); non-ASD with overweight/obesity (ASD−/Ob+); and non-ASD without overweight/obesity (ASD−/Ob−). The assessment was repeated in 258 of the children after puberty (mean age 14.26 years).The lowest serum (p < 0.001), urine (p < 0.001) and toenail (p < 0.001) selenium levels before and after puberty were observed in ASD+/Ob+ patients, and the highest in ASD−/Ob−. There were no differences in serum/toenail selenium levels between ASD+/Ob− and ASD−/Ob+ groups. The presence of ASD was associatedwith lower serum (p < 0.001) and toenail (p < 0.001) selenium in BMI-matched groups. In neurotypical patients, post-pubertal serum selenium levels were lower (p < 0.001) than pre-pubertal levels. In the multiple linear regression analyses, selenium levels showed inverse relationships with BMI (p < 0.001) and male gender (p < 0.001), irrespective of the sample type. The serum (p = 0.002) and toenail (p < 0.001) selenium levels were inversely associated with the presence of ASD. ASD, obesity/overweight, and male gender have independent impacts on selenium levels in children. Puberty may affect selenium content in neurotypical children of both genders, but not in ASD patients.

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“…In selenium deficiency, the action of GPs was greatly diminished and was associated with increased cardiovascular (CVD) incidence, some cancers and overall mortality. Additionally, selenium levels are usually reduced in obesity, with the subsequent reduction in expression of selonoprotein genes, further diminishing antioxidative properties and the immune response [ 68 ]. A new meta-analysis examined the role of selenium with and without antioxidant mixtures for the risk of CVD, cancers and mortality.…”

Section: Precision Nutrition For Osa and Lgci In Good Times And Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional and Behavioral Approaches to Body Composition and Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation Management for Older Adults in the Ordinary and COVID-19 Times

Ilich

2020

Nutrients

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As more insight is gained into personalized health care, the importance of personalized nutritional and behavioral approaches is even more relevant in the COVID-19 era, in addition to the need for further elucidation regarding several diseases/conditions. One of these concerning body composition (in this context; bone, lean and adipose tissue) is osteosarcopenic adiposity (OSA) syndrome. OSA occurs most often with aging, but also in cases of some chronic diseases and is exacerbated with the presence of low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI). OSA has been associated with poor nutrition, metabolic disorders and diminished functional abilities. This paper addresses various influences on OSA and LGCI, as well as their mutual action on each other, and provides nutritional and behavioral approaches which could be personalized to help with either preventing or managing OSA and LGCI in general, and specifically in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Addressed in more detail are nutritional recommendations for and roles of macro- and micronutrients and bioactive food components; the microbiome; and optimal physical activity regimens. Other issues, such as food insecurity and nutritional inadequacy, circadian misalignment and shift workers are addressed as well. Since there is still a lack of longer-term primary studies in COVID-19 patients (either acute or recovered) and interventions for OSA improvement, this discussion is based on the existing knowledge, scientific hypotheses and observations derived from similar conditions or studies just being published at the time of this writing.

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Selenium and Selenoproteins in Adipose Tissue Physiology and Obesity

Cited by 70 publications

References 253 publications

Selenium and viral infection: are there lessons for COVID-19?

Selenium and viral infection: are there lessons for COVID-19?

Are Obese Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder More Likely to Be Selenium Deficient? Research Findings on Pre- and Post-Pubertal Children

Nutritional and Behavioral Approaches to Body Composition and Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation Management for Older Adults in the Ordinary and COVID-19 Times

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