Selenium and Prebiotics as Adjunctive Therapies in Treatment of Graves’ Disease

Abstract

Graves’ disease (GD), also known as Basedow disease, is an autoimmune disorder leading to excessive production of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism). The prevalence of GD varies by region and sex, with the highest onset typically occurring between the ages of 30 and 50. Symptoms include a rapid heart rate, weight loss, heat intolerance, and goiter. Standard treatments involve antithyroid medications, radioactive iodine therapy, or surgery. Multiple studies have linked gut microbiota to the development of thyroid disorders. Recent research has focused on the potential benefits of nutritional interventions, particularly selenium and prebiotics, in managing GD. This chapter aims to provide new insights into the etiology and treatment of Graves’ disease through the administration of probiotics and selenium.