Selektive Dopamin D‐2 Autorezeptor Agonisten mit 8‐Azaindol Substruktur: Synthese und theoretische Untersuchungen

Gmeiner, Peter; Sommer, J.

doi:10.1002/ardp.19943270706

Cited by 9 publications

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References 19 publications

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“…The target compounds 1 and 6 were synthesized starting from N -amino-3-(hydroxymethyl)pyridinium mesityl sulfonate 14 which was converted into the regioisomeric (hydroxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a ]pyridine carboxylates 15 and 16 . Subsequent hydrolysis and decarboxylation under strong acidic conditions furnished the (hydroxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a ]pyridines 19 and 20 , respectively (Scheme ).…”

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Rationally Based Efficacy Tuning of Selective Dopamine D4 Receptor Ligands Leading to the Complete Antagonist 2-[4-(4-Chlorophenyl)piperazin-1- ylmethyl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine (FAUC 213)

et al. 2001

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Structure dependent efficacy studies in the field of selective D4 ligands led to the 2-aminomethyl substituted azaindole 2 (FAUC 213) that displayed strong D4 binding, high subtype selectivity, and complete antagonist properties in ligand-induced mitogenesis experiments. According to our schematic molecular model, the intrinsic activity of the regioisomers investigated is controlled by the ability of the heterocyclic unit to interact with both elements of the D4 binding-site crevice, the aromatic microdomain in TM6, and a serine residue in TM5.

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Rationally Based Efficacy Tuning of Selective Dopamine D4 Receptor Ligands Leading to the Complete Antagonist 2-[4-(4-Chlorophenyl)piperazin-1- ylmethyl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine (FAUC 213)

et al. 2001

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Reductive Aminations of Carbonyl Compounds with Borohydride and Borane Reducing Agents

2002

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Reductive amination is an important tool for synthetic organic chemists in the construction of carbon‐nitrogen bonds. This reaction, also termed reductive alkylation, involves condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with an amine in the presence of a reducing agent. A wide variety of substrates can be used including aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and ketones, and even benzophenones. A range of amines from ammonia to aromatic amines, including those with electron‐withdrawing substituents, can be employed. For particularly sluggish reactions, such as those involving weakly electrophilic carbonyl groups, poorly nucleophilic amines, or sterically congested reactive centers, additives such as molecular sieves or Lewis acids are often useful. This chapter focuses on those conditions in which the carbonyl component, amine, and reducing reagent react in the same vessel. This review is restricted to reductive aminations using borohydride and borane reducing agents. This chapter concentrates on reductive amination chemistry mediated by borohydride and other boron‐containing reducing agents from 1971, the year when sodium cyanoborohydride was introduced, through the middle of 1999. In addition to reductive aminations of aldehyde and ketone substrates, reactions of related structures including acetals, aminals, ketals, carboxylic acids, nitriles, and dicarbonyls that form a nitrogen‐containing ring are reviewed. Intramolecular processes in which the substrate contains both the carbonyl and amine moieties are described. The intramolecular variant is a useful method for preparing cyclic amines. All of the various boron‐containing hydride sources in reductive aminations, including labeled metal hydrides, are reviewed. Instances of reductive aminations that failed are described. Applications of this method to a solid support in parallel synthesis in combinatorial chemistry as well as reductive aminations that proceed in tandem with a second reaction such as reductive lactamizations are discussed.

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Electrophilic Amination of Carbanions, Enolates, and Their Surrogates

Ciganek

2009

Organic Reactions

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This chapter deals with the formation of carbon‐nitrogen bonds by reaction of carbon nucleophiles with electrophilic aminating reagents. The former encompass aliphatic and aromatic carbanions, enolates and their surrogates such as enamines, enol esters, and enol ethers, as well as carbanions stabilized by cyano or sulfone groups or by phosphorus. A section entitled Reagents and Mechanisms lists the many aminating reagents available and discusses the mechanisms by which the more important ones react. Among the electrophiles discussed are halo amines, various hydroxylamine derivatives, oxaziridines, imines, oximes, diazonium salts, diazo compounds, azo compounds, and azides. The section on Scope and Limitations is organized by carbon nucleophiles and attempts to suggest the best reagents for each class. A number of electrophilic aminating reagents that have been omitted from the scope of this chapter are briefly discussed, with references to reviews, in the section on Comparison with Other Methods. Tables listing references to the preparation of the various aminating reagents are found in the section on Experimental Conditions. References to the conversion of non‐amine products into amines are also provided there. The literature is covered to the middle of 2007.

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Selektive Dopamin D‐2 Autorezeptor Agonisten mit 8‐Azaindol Substruktur: Synthese und theoretische Untersuchungen

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Rationally Based Efficacy Tuning of Selective Dopamine D4 Receptor Ligands Leading to the Complete Antagonist 2-[4-(4-Chlorophenyl)piperazin-1- ylmethyl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine (FAUC 213)

Rationally Based Efficacy Tuning of Selective Dopamine D4 Receptor Ligands Leading to the Complete Antagonist 2-[4-(4-Chlorophenyl)piperazin-1- ylmethyl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine (FAUC 213)

Reductive Aminations of Carbonyl Compounds with Borohydride and Borane Reducing Agents

Electrophilic Amination of Carbanions, Enolates, and Their Surrogates

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