Selectively attending to natural scenes after alcohol consumption: An ERP analysis

Cesarei, Andrea De; Codispoti, Maurizio; Schupp, Harald T.; Stegagno, Luciano

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.06.009

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The earliest ERP components are thought to be more sensitive to sensory components of stimuli (Olofsson, Nordin, Sequeira, & Polich, 2008), whereas later ERP components appear more sensitive to motivational processes (Bradley, Hamby, Löw, & Lang, 2007; Schupp et al, 2000). Specifically, later components tend to increase to the presentation of both pleasant and unpleasant images (De Cesarei, Codispoti, Schupp, & Stegagno, 2006). Amongst these later ERP components, different topographies support making meaningful distinctions in their interpretation (Makeig et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual desire, not hypersexuality, is related to neurophysiological responses elicited by sexual images

Steele

Staley

Fong

et al. 2013

Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology

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BackgroundModulation of sexual desires is, in some cases, necessary to avoid inappropriate or illegal sexual behavior (downregulation of sexual desire) or to engage with a romantic partner (upregulation of sexual desire). Some have suggested that those who have difficulty downregulating their sexual desires be diagnosed as having a sexual ‘addiction’. This diagnosis is thought to be associated with sexual urges that feel out of control, high-frequency sexual behavior, consequences due to those behaviors, and poor ability to reduce those behaviors. However, such symptoms also may be better understood as a non-pathological variation of high sexual desire. Hypersexuals are thought to be relatively sexual reward sensitized, but also to have high exposure to visual sexual stimuli. Thus, the direction of neural responsivity to sexual stimuli expected was unclear. If these individuals exhibit habituation, their P300 amplitude to sexual stimuli should be diminished; if they merely have high sexual desire, their P300 amplitude to sexual stimuli should be increased. Neural responsivity to sexual stimuli in a sample of hypersexuals could differentiate these two competing explanations of symptoms.MethodsFifty-two (13 female) individuals who self-identified as having problems regulating their viewing of visual sexual stimuli viewed emotional (pleasant sexual, pleasant-non-sexual, neutral, and unpleasant) photographs while electroencephalography was collected.ResultsLarger P300 amplitude differences to pleasant sexual stimuli, relative to neutral stimuli, was negatively related to measures of sexual desire, but not related to measures of hypersexuality.ConclusionImplications for understanding hypersexuality as high desire, rather than disordered, are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual desire, not hypersexuality, is related to neurophysiological responses elicited by sexual images

Steele

Staley

Fong

et al. 2013

Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology

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“…Acute alcohol administration affects behavior [4], [5] cognition [6], [7], and affective stimuli processing [8], [9]. It is responsible for the attention deficit observed even in low or moderate levels of inebriation [8], [10], [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Affects the Brain's Resting-State Network in Social Drinkers

Lithari¹,

Klados²,

Pappas³

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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Acute alcohol intake is known to enhance inhibition through facilitation of GABAA receptors, which are present in 40% of the synapses all over the brain. Evidence suggests that enhanced GABAergic transmission leads to increased large-scale brain connectivity. Our hypothesis is that acute alcohol intake would increase the functional connectivity of the human brain resting-state network (RSN). To test our hypothesis, electroencephalographic (EEG) measurements were recorded from healthy social drinkers at rest, during eyes-open and eyes-closed sessions, after administering to them an alcoholic beverage or placebo respectively. Salivary alcohol and cortisol served to measure the inebriation and stress levels. By calculating Magnitude Square Coherence (MSC) on standardized Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (sLORETA) solutions, we formed cortical networks over several frequency bands, which were then analyzed in the context of functional connectivity and graph theory. MSC was increased (p<0.05, corrected with False Discovery Rate, FDR corrected) in alpha, beta (eyes-open) and theta bands (eyes-closed) following acute alcohol intake. Graph parameters were accordingly altered in these bands quantifying the effect of alcohol on the structure of brain networks; global efficiency and density were higher and path length was lower during alcohol (vs. placebo, p<0.05). Salivary alcohol concentration was positively correlated with the density of the network in beta band. The degree of specific nodes was elevated following alcohol (vs. placebo). Our findings support the hypothesis that short-term inebriation considerably increases large-scale connectivity in the RSN. The increased baseline functional connectivity can -at least partially- be attributed to the alcohol-induced disruption of the delicate balance between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission in favor of inhibitory influences. Thus, it is suggested that short-term inebriation is associated, as expected, to increased GABA transmission and functional connectivity, while long-term alcohol consumption may be linked to exactly the opposite effect.

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“…Journal of Vision, 15(8):14, 1-14, doi:10.1167/15.8.14. Stegagno, 2006). Further insight into the nature of this differential ERP activity comes from a previous study (VanRullen & Thorpe, 2001) which alternated the target/distractor status of the same images in different blocks and compared ERPs depending on the status of the pictures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Modulation of early ERPs by accurate categorization of objects in scenes

et al. 2015

Self Cite

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The categorization of objects within natural scenes is carried out in a sequence of stages, which may build on the detection of perceptual regularities in the visual appearance of objects or may represent a more semantic level of categorization. Here, we examined the neural correlates of correct categorization of objects in scenes, using natural scenes which were equalized in color and spectral amplitude, and controlled in terms of spatial coherence. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were used to track the early stages of visual processing. Participants viewed degraded (phase-scrambled) versions of natural scenes and then categorized them as depicting animals or people. At an intermediate scrambling level, a negative-going occipitotemporal ERP modulation by categorization accuracy was observed, beginning approximately 150 ms after stimulus onset; at more degraded levels, no ERP modulation was observed. These results suggest that this early negative-going ERP modulation reflects processing of perceptual evidence which is predictive of later correct categorization, even when low-level differences in color, spectral amplitude, and spatial coherence are balanced or controlled.

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Selectively attending to natural scenes after alcohol consumption: An ERP analysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 47 publications

Sexual desire, not hypersexuality, is related to neurophysiological responses elicited by sexual images

Sexual desire, not hypersexuality, is related to neurophysiological responses elicited by sexual images

Alcohol Affects the Brain's Resting-State Network in Social Drinkers

Modulation of early ERPs by accurate categorization of objects in scenes

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