Selective sequential separation of ABS/HIPS and PVC from automobile and electronic waste shredder residue by hybrid nano-Fe/Ca/CaO assisted ozonisation process

Mallampati, Srinivasa Reddy; Lee, Byoung Ho; Mitoma, Yoshiharu; Simion, Cristian

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.01.003

Cited by 45 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The concentrations of some metals presented in this ASR such as Ni, Cu, Hg less than those reported previously (e.g. Mallampati et al, 2017). Other elements like C, H, O, N, Pb, Mn, Cr, Tl their concentrations within the range reported by Sakai et al (2014) and Cossu et al, 2014 in their literatures reviewed of ASR properties.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…The metal content was very low and was combined into the fines (<5 mm) and difficult to separate. The mixed plastics accounted 47% by weight, whereas, the textile fraction was 11% by weight, (similar percentages reported by Mallampati et al, 2017 andLin et al, 2010). Textiles together with polyurethane foam (PUF) and cork are derived from car seats and interior carpeting.…”

Section: Commercial Assessment Of the Thermal Technologiessupporting

confidence: 59%

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Challenges around automotive shredder residue production and disposal

Khodier

Williams

Dallison³

2018

Waste Management

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a b s t r a c tThe challenge for the automotive industry is how to ensure they adopt the circular economy when it comes to the disposal of end-of-life vehicles (ELV). According to the European Commission the UK achieved a total reuse and recovery rate of 88%. This is short of the revised ELV directive target of 95% materials recovery, which requires a minimum of 85% of materials to be recycled or reused. A significant component of the recycling process is the production of automotive shredder residue (ASR). This is currently landfilled across Europe. The additional 10% could be met by processing ASR through either waste-to-energy facilities or Post shredder technology (PST) to recover materials. The UK auto and recycling sectors claimed there would need to be a massive investment by their members in both new capacity and new technology for PST to recover additional recycle materials. It has been shown that 50% of the ASR contains valuable recoverable materials which could be used to meet the Directive target. It is expected in the next 5 years that technological innovation in car design will change the composition from easily recoverable metal to difficult polymers. This change in composition will impact on the current drive to integrate the European Circular Economy Package. A positive factor is that main driver for using ASR is coming from the metals recycling industry itself. They are looking to develop the infrastructure for energy generation from ASR and subsequent material recovery. This is driven by the economics of the process rather than meeting the Directive targets. The study undertaken has identified potential pathways and barriers for commercial thermal treatment of ASR. The results of ASR characterisation were used to assess commercial plants from around the world. Whilst there were many claiming that processing of ASR was possible none have so far shown both the technological capability and economic justification.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Commercial Assessment Of the Thermal Technologiessupporting

confidence: 59%

Challenges around automotive shredder residue production and disposal

Khodier

Williams

Dallison³

2018

Waste Management

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“…For example, Reddy et al reported the following polymers were found in ASR: PP 45%, PE 17%, poly(vinyl chloride) 3%, poly(ethylene terephthalate) 8%, poly(methyl methacrylate) 6%, poly(butyl methacrylate) 9%, poly(ethyl acrylate) 4%, polycarbonate 4% and rubber 4 wt%. Whereas Mallampati et al found that PE and PP together account for 25.8% of total polymer while rubber and other plastics make up the majority of ASR (about 21%). To determine the content of PP and PE in ASR in this research, Soxhlet extraction was performed in boiling xylene and about 45 wt% removed, which means PP and PE account for nearly 45 wt% of total ASR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Preparation of composites based on recycled polypropylene and automotive shredder residue

Yang

Bai

Duan

et al. 2018

Polymer International

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In past research, mechanical recycling of automotive shredder residue (ASR) has led to serious deterioration of material performance, and real-scale application in this way still remains a challenge. Here, we report a sustainable approach called solid-state shear milling (SSSM) for the production of high-performance polypropylene (PP)/ASR composites with robust mechanical performance on a commercial scale. After the SSSM process, the obtained 50/50 wt% PP/ASR composite exhibited a 41.3% increase in tensile strength, 32.9% increase in flexural strength and 55.0% increase in impact toughness when compared with corresponding composites made by traditional direct melt blending. In particular, the toughness of the material can be improved by further addition of PP grafted with maleic anhydride with toughness comparable to that of recycled PP, and a 325% increase in toughness can be obtained with addition of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer grafted with maleic anhydride. This PP/ASR composite shows good processability and high thermal stability, and meets the requirements of many applications for nonstructural products. The approach presented in this paper highlights a novel technique for ASR recycling.

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“…The worldwide production of the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) plastic waste was reported to reach 54 million tons in 2014 and it increased to 70 million tons in 2017 in which the ABS-derived products were the dominant waste. [7][8][9] The conventional polymer waste handlings, such as incineration and landll, create other environmental problems that threaten many organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%