Selective Release of Inorganic Constituents in Broiler Manure Biochars under Different Post-Activation Treatments

Abstract

Poultry-litter activated biochars (PLAB) with enhanced metals adsorption may contain significant amounts of inorganic material. This study traces key elements (Ca-Fe-K-Mg-Na-P) from litter to PLAB and selective fate upon acid/water treatments. Samples were pyrolyzed 1 hr/700°C, steam-activated 45 min/800°C, and acid washed/ rinsed. Mineral composition concentrated during pyrolysis/activation. Acid wash/water treatments removed unbound inorganics with highest extraction for K (37-100%) and Na (27-49%) and lowest for Fe (0-0.02%). Remaining elements leached significantly less indicating selective removal as influenced by composition and pyrolysis/activation effects on solubility. Heavy metals concentrated upon activation with negligent leaching regarding treatment. Post-activation treatments may improve usability of PLAB in wastewater applications by avoiding unwanted elemental leaching without compromising functionality.

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