Selective preservation of chitin during the decay of shrimp

Baas, Marianne; Briggs, Derek E. G.; Heemst, Jasper D.H van; Kear, Amanda J.; Leeuw, J.W. de

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(95)00012-7

Cited by 83 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The macromolecular structure of chitinozoans can thus be viewed as kerogen dominated by a network of aromatic compounds, linked by short n-alkyl chains. No pyrolysis products diagnostic for the presence of chitin, such as acetamide, acetamidofurans, acetamidopyrone, oxazoline and pyridone derivatives (Baas et al, 1995;Stankiewicz et al, 1997aStankiewicz et al, , 1997bStankiewicz et al, , 1998a, was detected in the pyrogram of the chitinozoans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The diagenesis of fossil cuticles has been intensively studied (Baas et al, 1995, Stankiewicz et al, 1997a, 1997b, 1998a, 1998b, allowing some comparisons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether this was the result of diagenetic degradation of chitin, or the lack of chitin in the original organisms remained to be elucidated. More recent work has shown that the degradation of chitin tissues occurs during early diagenesis (Baas et al, 1995). The oldest evidence for chitin in fossil materials dates back to the Cretaceous and Tertiary (Brumioul and Voss-Foucart, 1977;Stankiewicz et al, 1997aStankiewicz et al, , 1997b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New insights into the chemical composition of chitinozoans

Jacob

Paris

Monod

et al. 2007

Organic Geochemistry

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The chemical structure of isolated chitinozoan specimens extracted from Early Silurian marine rocks has been investigated by micro-FTIR, laser micro-Raman spectroscopy and laser micropyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (LmPy-GC/MS). The samples were subjected to relatively low thermal stress as attested by several indices. LmPy-GC/MS and micro-FTIR indicate that chitinozoans consist mostly of a kerogen network dominated by aromatic groups with a low contribution of aliphatics and oxygen-or nitrogen-bearing compounds. No chitin-related product was found in the pyrolysate of the chitinozoans, confirming previous findings on the occurrence of this biopolymer in the fossil record.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The diagenesis of fossil cuticles has been intensively studied (Baas et al, 1995, Stankiewicz et al, 1997a, 1997b, 1998a, 1998b, allowing some comparisons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New insights into the chemical composition of chitinozoans

Jacob

Paris

Monod

et al. 2007

Organic Geochemistry

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“…To date, studies that have attempted to understand preservation bias in the insect fossil record have focused on how insect ecology may have influenced the types of insects found in different depositional environments (Wilson, 1988;Martínez-Délclòs et al, 1991;Henwood, 1993a,b;McCobb et al, 1998;Smith, 2000;Martínez-Dél-clòs et al, 2004), or on the chemical components of decomposition (Miller, 1991;Briggs et al, 1993;Baas et al, 1995;Bierstedt et al, 1997;Stankiewicz et al, 1997;Briggs, 1999). These works have shown that insects' diet and feeding habitats can influence preservation potential, as can the interaction between sedimentary context and the chemical composition of an insect's cuticle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Physical Characteristics of Beetles Affect their Fossil Preservation

Smith

Cook

Nufio

2006

PALAIOS

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“…Zooplankton cuticles and exoskeletons often contain chitin (Jeuniaux and Voss-Foucart, 1991;Baas et al, 1995;Stankiewicz et al, 1996, and others), and zooplankton are generally enriched in proteins and depleted in polysaccharides relative to phytoplankton and references therein). Cholesterol, though biosynthesized by phytoplankton, is a primary zooplankton sterol (Volkman 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

Compositional heterogeneity within oceanic POM : a study using flow cytometry and mass spectrometry

Minor¹

1998

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This thesis applied direct temperature-resolved mass spectrometry (DT-MS), flow cytometry, and multivariate statistics to the study of marine particulate organic matter (POM) collected from the North Atlantic.DT-MS is an important asset to marine organic geochemistry as a single two minute analysis (with 16 eV, EI* ionization) provides information on polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids within concentrated and desalted samples. Although the molecularlevel information obtained with DT-MS is less detailed than traditional analyses of specific compound classes, DT-MS can act as a useful molecular-level screening technique (as illustrated in this thesis), indicating what samples and compound classes to investigate more thoroughly.In addition to its rapidity, DT-MS only reqires microgram quantities of sample. This sensitivity permits the coupling of DT-MS and preparative flow cytometry. In this thesis, preparative flow cytometry was used to isolate "phytoplankton" and "detritus" (i.e., non-phytoplankton particles) in 2-+53 gm POM. The molecular-level differences between and within small-particle POM (<53 gm), large-particle POM (>53 pm), "phytoplankton" and "detritus" were explored using DT-MS and discriminant analysis. For POM collected from the Mid-Atlantic Bight and from Great Harbor, Woods Hole, MA, small-particle POM contained more phytoplankton chemical characteristics than large-particle POM. In Great Harbor, the molecular-level characteristics of large-particle POM indicated a significant grazer biomass component. On the MAB (in March 1996), the large-particle POM appeared more phytodetrital. "Phytoplankton" was enriched in protein, chlorophyll and lipids as compared to "detritus," which was enriched in selected polysaccharides.As the polysaccharide composition of POM subclasses was a major source of variation, polysaccharides in selected samples were further studied using ammonia and deuterated ammonia CI*DT-MS. Principal component analysis of the resulting NH 3 -CI* spectra indicated that the majority of polysaccharide variation in the selected samples could be explained by a component that appeared related to the degree of degradation of the organic matter.The results from this thesis, coupled with existing work on particulate and dissolved organic matter, were used to support a modified "size-reactivity continuum model" of organic matter cycling. Thesis Supervisor: Timothy EglintonTo my parents, "Uncle Ben," and the old Venture AknowledgementsThis thesis would never have been finished without the help of a great many people. I would like to thank my advisor Tim Eglinton for introducing me to the field, giving me free reign with lots of instruments, and convincing me to do more than I thought I could. Thanks to my committe members are also in order. Without Rob Olson's expertise, the flow cytometer might be in even more pieces today than it was when I started. Jaap Boon's perspective as a mass spectrometrist helped greatly in the interpretation of DT-MS data. Phil Gschwend's inciteful questions ha...

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Selective preservation of chitin during the decay of shrimp

Cited by 83 publications

References 13 publications

New insights into the chemical composition of chitinozoans

New insights into the chemical composition of chitinozoans

How Physical Characteristics of Beetles Affect their Fossil Preservation

Compositional heterogeneity within oceanic POM : a study using flow cytometry and mass spectrometry

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