Selective Mutism: An Update and Suggestions for Future Research

Scott, Stanley; Beidel, Déborah C.

doi:10.1007/s11920-011-0201-7

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…44 The association between BI and SM is more speculative and is based on shared features such as reluctance to speak, lifetime shyness, slow-to-warm-up personality, and difficulty responding to novel situations and handling transitions. 15,32,45 Findings from family, twin, and genotyping studies suggest moderate heritability of SOP. Twin studies estimated that 39% to 65% of the variance in shared phenotypes is caused by genetic effects.…”

Section: Comorbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Phobia and Selective Mutism

Keeton

Budinger

2012

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America

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Section: Comorbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Phobia and Selective Mutism

Keeton

Budinger

2012

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America

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“…Despite this, the notion of SM being an ANX (or not) continues to be an area of debate in the field (Scott & Beidel, 2011). Some researchers have even argued that SM is in fact a social ANX given that children with SM present with similar diagnostic characteristics and symptoms as children with social ANX, thus making the two disorders difficult to differentiate (Black & Udhe, 1992;Sharp, Sherman, & Gross, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Teachers’ Role in the Assessment of Selective Mutism and Anxiety Disorders

Martinez

Tannock

Manassis

et al. 2015

Canadian Journal of School Psychology

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Selective mutism (SM) is a childhood disorder characterized by failure to speak in social situations, despite there being an expectation to speak and the capacity to do so. There has been a focus on elucidating the differences between SM and anxiety disorder (ANX) in the recent literature. Although children with SM exhibit more symptoms at school than at home, the assessment of SM typically does not involve teacher reports. There is also a lack of research to help us better understand how to best support students with SM in the classroom, and linking assessment to intervention. The Teacher Telephone Interview: Selective Mutism and Anxiety in the School Setting (TTI-SM) was developed by a group of researchers across three large children's hospitals in Canada, within specialized ANXs Clinics, with the goal of addressing several of these diagnostic and treatment issues. Child participants (ages 6-11) were referred for SM (n = 19) or ANX (n = 10). Findings revealed that the SM subscale of the TTI-SM has acceptable psychometric properties. Scores on the SM subscale between the two groups of children were statistically significant Downloaded from 2 Canadian Journal of School Psychology t(29) = −3.67, p < .001, η 2 = .33, suggesting that the SM subscale was able to distinguish between children with SM and ANX. Given the promising findings, and possible uses of this tool for assessment and intervention, the TTI-SM warrants further research. The role of the teacher in the assessment of children with SM and anxiety disorders, and future directions are discussed.

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“…These factors may inhibit the development of emotion regulation skills in children [6,12,13]. Oon [12] added that exposure to trauma and dysfunctional family relationships might trigger an existing disposition for SM.…”

Section: Etiology and Elements Of Perpetuation Of Smmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the major symptoms of selective mutism besides refusal to speak in speciic situations are excessive shyness and anxiety, clinging behaviors to parents and safe signiicant others, fear of social embarrassment and social isolation, oppositional atitude, and negativity in evaluation. Children with SM often have delays in social skills as the result of limited experiences' exposure and limited opportunities to interact with peers socially and verbally [5,6]. …”

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confidence: 99%

Superhero Costumes as a Method for Treating Children with Selective Mutism: A Case Study

Alrabiah¹

2017

Advances in Speech-Language Pathology

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This chapter describes a creative method for treating children with selective mutism. It is a case study of a 5 year, 8 month old child who has been silent since the irst day of school for 2.5 years. No one, for 2.5 years, has ever heard him speak. He used to stare at his classmates as they played but did not participate. His mother described his language as normal and behavior as quiet. When the researcher irst saw him he was wearing a "Superman" costume. The researcher used the child's ambition to be superman as a platform to think creatively to treat his deiciency. He spoke in 1 hour and 30 minutes. The single session treatment successfully treated the child and he was observed afterwards for 2 months, no relapses, and he continued speaking. To maintain the success, the teacher and the student-teacher were advised to use the "descriptive language approach." He was observed regularly.Keywords: selective, anxiety disorder, early intervention, treating using superheroes' costumes, descriptive language approach IntroductionSelective mutism (SM) is a condition of anxiety disorder most often diagnosed in children. According to the American Psychiatric Association (APA) [1], this condition occurs when a child persistently fails to speak in certain social situations where speaking is required, such as school, sport ields, church, restaurants, parks, or stores. It is a rare disorder afecting preschool-and school-aged children [2]. Children with selective mutism are generally quiet in nature. The SM child chooses silence rather than a deal with the anxiety of the inability to speak in public, despite the child's ability to speak normally at home. When the child encounters guests, relatives, or school populations, he or she turns to silence. The selective mute © 2017 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.children have no problem in language formation; they speak ine in their homes and around people they are comfortable with but their silence accelerates their language developmental delay. Some children who are shy or who have social phobia also have selective mutism. About 1% of children referred to mental health professionals are diagnosed with this disorder. This percentage equals between 0.03% and 0.02% of the general population of children. Selective mutism is a serious disorder which requires qualiied professionals in mental illness [3,4]. Symptoms of selective mutismDespite the long history of deducting SM, the disorder is still not clearly understood, and much debate among mental health specialists continues regarding its appropriate classiication and causes. Some of the major symptoms of selective mutism besides refusal to speak in speciic situations are excessive shyness and anxiety, clinging behaviors to parents and safe signiicant others, fear of social e...

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Selective Mutism: An Update and Suggestions for Future Research

Cited by 44 publications

References 35 publications

Social Phobia and Selective Mutism

Social Phobia and Selective Mutism

The Teachers’ Role in the Assessment of Selective Mutism and Anxiety Disorders

Superhero Costumes as a Method for Treating Children with Selective Mutism: A Case Study

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