Selective estrogen receptor-beta (SERM-beta) compounds modulate raphe nuclei tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (TPH-1) mRNA expression and cause antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test

The influence of the HPG axis on stress response and depressive-like behaviour in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease

“…The ERβ agonist DPN infused into the central nucleus of the amygdala of rats reduced anxiety-like behaviour and stress-induced corticosterone levels, counteracting the anxiogenic effects of GR agonism of the same area (Weiser et al, 2010). A recent study found that two ERβ agonists, selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM)-beta1 and SERM-beta2, are both able to reduce depression-like behaviour in the FST in mice as well as increase neurogenesis in rats (Clark et al, 2012). Previous study has shown that chronic daily DPN injections have anxiolytic effects in female mice (Oyola et al, 2012).…”

Insight into the mechanisms of action of estrogen receptor β in the breast, prostate, colon, and CNS

“…ERa is responsible for imprinting of the male brain during embryonic development (Naftolin 2008), while ERb is involved in cortical layering and migration of interneurons in the fetal period and neonatal period (Wang et al 2003, Fan et al 2006. ERb agonists can modulate tryptophan hydroxylase 1 mRNA expression in the raphe nucleus and cause antidepressant-like effects (Clark et al 2012, Suzuki et al 2013. The mechanism involves increase of serotonergic activity by regulating synthesis of serotonin.…”

The functions of estrogen receptor beta in the female brain: A systematic review

“…Of the included studies, 19 focused on the function of ERß on cellular signaling, 7 focused on the neuroendocrine pathway, 4 studied whether neuroprotection was conferred, 8 dealt with neurological outcomes and 19 with psychological and psychiatric outcomes. Six studies evaluated and reported results on two or more major outcomes [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

“…Three studies assessed the function of ERβ on neurogenesis [6,25,26]. The first two studies were performed in the hippocampus under normal conditions, and the third in the subventricular zone after an induced stroke injury.…”

“…The role of ERβ in the induction of progesterone receptors (PRs), which are critical for female sexual behaviour, was assessed in two studies [6,34]. One study showed that ERβ activation in hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus averts the action of ERα in the induction of PRs [34], whereas one study reported that the ERβ agonist selective estrogen receptor modulator beta 2 (SERM-beta 2) dose-dependently increased PRs in the murine dorsal raphe nucleus but not in the hippocampus [6].…”