Selective encryption of the MC EZBC bitstream for DRM scenarios

Abstract

Universal Multimedia Access (UMA) calls for solutions where content is created once and subsequently adapted to given requirements. With regard to UMA and scalability, which is required often due to a wide variety of end clients, the best suited codecs are wavelet based (like the MC-EZBC) due to their inherent high number of scaling options. However, we do not only want to adapt the content to given requirements but we want to do so in a secure way. Through DRM we can ensure that the actual content is safe and copyright is observed. However, traditional encryption removes the option of scalability in the encrypted domain which is opposed to what we want to achieve for UMA. The solution is selective encryption where only a part of the content is encrypted, enough to ensure safety but at the same time little enough to keep scalability intact. Towards this goal we discuss various methods of applying encryption to the bitstream produced by the MC-EZBC in order to keep scalability intact in the encrypted domain while also keeping security intact with regard to various DRM scenarios.

Identifying deficits of visual security metrics for images

“…Fig. 7 illustrates the performance of the LFBVS metric on the silent sequence when encryption according to [24] is applied in comparison to white noise.…”

“…In order to test whether a security metric can operate in the encrypted domain a number of well known video sequences have been encrypted for three target qualities, utilizing EZBC encryption methods described in [24]. To generate the different target qualities the selective encryption was applied to either all I-frames (low quality), low frequency bands of all frames (medium quality), and high frequency bands of all frames (high quality).…”

“…Furthermore, we should note that the application of security metrics on video is performed at a frame by frame basis in the literature. We will adopt this model but should note that for the discussion of confidential encryption motion data is of importance, e.g., in [12] it was shown that a replacement attack combined with motion information can reveal the content of a scene even though the visual content of every frame is encrypted.…”

Transparent encryption for HEVC using bit-stream-based selective coefficient sign encryption

“…Furthermore, we have to take into account replacement attacks [15,16,17,18], which can reduce the visual distortion by replacing encrypted bitstream elements by elements which are statistically more likely to not introduce an error. Since the sign distribution is uniform, the easiest attack is to set the coefficients for which the signs are encrypted to zero.…”

An Energy Efficient Data Secrecy Scheme For Wireless Body Sensor Networks

“…Full encryption cannot suitable for this case, because only some parts of the data are secret. As a matter of fact, selective encryption is a proven technology in the field of secure multimedia communication [6]. The purpose of selective encryption is just to encrypt certain portions of the message with less overhead consumption.…”