Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: A review of recent chemical scaffolds with promising anti-inflammatory and COX-2 inhibitory activities

Synthesis of novel naphthalene-heterocycle hybrids with potent antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antituberculosis activities

“…As a result, the more COX-2 selective inhibitor, the more efficient NSAID. 29 Screening of the synthesized compounds over COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes revealed that many compounds (3c > 3h > 8 > 10 > 3d > 12b) were more active and selective than the reference anti-inammatory Celecoxib (CEL) ( Table 2). While compounds 7, 3e, and 3i appeared to be promising candidates, other derivatives showed decreased selectivity.…”

Structural Insights into Pyrazoles as Agents against Anti‐inflammatory and Related Disorders

“…Proteins specifically binding to the COX‐2 play a vital role in the promotion of tumorigenesis, and the activity of COX‐2 promotes angiogenesis, tissue invasion of tumors, resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy. With an increase in immunotherapy, several studies have proven that COX‐2 mediates immunosuppression through multiple pathways and COX inhibition might improve the response of immunotherapy [9] …”

“…With an increase in immunotherapy, several studies have proven that COX-2 mediates immunosuppression through multiple pathways and COX inhibition might improve the response of immunotherapy. [9]…”

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1,3,5‐Trisubstituted 2‐Pyrazolines as Novel Cyclooxygenase‐2 Inhibitors with Antiproliferative Activity

“…Unfortunately, some of the selective COX‐2 inhibitors, like rofecoxib, were removed from the market due to an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. In recent years, several new classes of COX‐2 inhibitors have been developed, including the modification of known COX inhibitors to nitric oxide‐releasing prodrugs for eliminating cardiovascular complications [15,16] . The different roles of COX enzymes in the development and progression of cancer also prompted the use of COX inhibitors as anticancer drugs [17] …”

“…Selective COX‐2 inhibitors are frequently comprised of a vicinal diaryl system with a central heterocyclic ring, and the presence of either SO 2 CH 3 or SO 2 NH 2 groups, which play a crucial role for selective binding to the secondary pocket of the COX‐2 isoform [15,18] . Differing from this general chemical arrangement, several other classes of selective COX‐2 inhibitors have also been developed ( Figure 1).…”