Selective conversion of nitrate to nitrogen by CuNi alloys embedded mesoporous carbon with breakpoint chlorination

Yao, Xinyun; Yu, Bei; Xue, Yonggang; Ran, Xianqiang; Zuo, Jiaqi; Qiu, Kaipei

doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102174

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…51 Moreover, from an environmental viewpoint, to reduce the selectivity of NH 4 + as a by-product in the electrocatalytic NO 3 − reduction process, we adjusted the concentration of Cl − in the electrolyte according to the electrochlorination theory to improve the selectivity of N 2 (eqn (1)-( 3)). 52 As shown in Fig. S19, † with the increasing concentration of Cl − in the electrolyte from 0 M to 0.04 M, the selectivity of N 2 increases from 22.28% to 97.8%, confirming that Fe@B-Gnc as a cathode material can effectively improve the selectivity of N 2 in the presence of Cl − .…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Performancementioning

confidence: 63%

Confinement engineering for enhanced electrocatalytic nitrate reduction by integrating B-doped graphene with iron catalysts for long-term stability

Luo,

Wang,

Cong

et al. 2023

Inorg. Chem. Front.

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Section: Electrocatalytic Performancementioning

confidence: 63%

Confinement engineering for enhanced electrocatalytic nitrate reduction by integrating B-doped graphene with iron catalysts for long-term stability

Luo,

Wang,

Cong

et al. 2023

Inorg. Chem. Front.

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“…However, the pH also must be low enough to promote trichloramine generation, thereby favoring the evolution of nitrogen gas. In addition to the conventional reaction of ammonia with HOCl to yield nitrogen gas, HOCl and OCl − are by themselves oxidizers, as is illustrated by Yao et al [144]. In their study, they have shown that combining the breakpoint chlorination process with electrochemical conversion could convert nitrates to NH 4 + at the cathode.…”

Section: Chemical Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Advances in Nitrogen-Rich Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Modern Technologies

Omar,

Almomani,

Qiblawey

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Nitrogen-rich wastewater is a major environmental issue that requires proper treatment before disposal. This comprehensive overview covers biological, physical, and chemical nitrogen removal methods. Simultaneous nitrification–denitrification (SND) is most effective in saline water when utilizing both aerobic and anoxic conditions with diverse microbial populations for nitrogen removal. Coupling anammox with denitrification could increase removal rates and reduce energy demand. Suspended growth bioreactors effectively treated diverse COD/N ratios and demonstrated resilience to low C/N ratios. Moving biofilm bioreactors exhibit reduced mortality rates, enhanced sludge–liquid separation, increased treatment efficiency, and stronger biological structures. SND studies show ≥90% total nitrogen removal efficiency (%RETN) in diverse setups, with Defluviicoccus, Nitrosomonas, and Nitrospira as the main microbial communities, while anammox–denitrification achieved a %RETN of 77%. Systems using polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate as a growth medium showed a %RETN ≥ 75%. Air-lift reflux configurations exhibited high %RETN and %RENH4, reducing costs and minimizing sludge formation. Microwave pretreatment and high-frequency electric fields could be used to improve the %RENH4. Adsorption/ion exchange, membrane distillation, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration exhibit promise in industrial wastewater treatment. AOPs and sulfate-based oxidants effectively eliminate nitrogen compounds from industrial wastewater. Tailoring proposed treatments for cost-effective nitrogen removal, optimizing microbial interactions, and analyzing the techno-economics of emerging technologies are crucial.

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“…2-3), which is the chlorination breakpoint commonly used in the process of recovering NH 3 . [132,133]…”

Section: Mechanism Of Eno 3 Ramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the concentration of RCS in solution exceeds the concentration of NH 3 or NH 4 + , the nitrogenized species in solution decreases to a minimum residual of chloramines due to the reactions producing N 2 or NO 3 − (Eqs. 2–3), which is the chlorination breakpoint commonly used in the process of recovering NH 3 [132,133] .

\vcenter{\openup.5em\halign{$\displaystyle{#}$\cr {\rm 2NH}{_{3}}+{\rm 3OCl}{^{- }}\rightarrow {\rm N}{_{2}}+{\rm 3H}{_{2}}{\rm O}+{\rm 3Cl}{^{- }}\hfill\cr}}

\vcenter{\openup.5em\halign{$\displaystyle{#}$\cr {\rm NH}{_{3}}+{\rm 4OCl}{^{- }}\rightarrow {\rm NO}{_{3}}{^{- }}+{\rm 3H}{_{2}}{\rm O}+{\rm H}{^{+}}+{\rm 4Cl}{^{- }}\hfill\cr}}

…”

Section: Mechanism Of Eno3ramentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐Situ Characterization Technologies for Electrocatalytic Reduction nitrate to Ammonia on Copper‐Based Catalysts

Fu,

Sun,

et al. 2024

ChemCatChem

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The excess nitrate (NO3‐) in the water mainly comes from agricultural fertilization and industrial wastewater, which breaks the nitrogen balance and poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. Driven by renewable energy, the electrocatalytic reduction of NO3‐ to ammonia (NH3) (ENO3RA) is an environmentally friendly and sustainable technology. Due to its special structure, copper (Cu) is currently one of the best catalysts for ENO3RA, but the reaction mechanism and the structure‐activity relationships of catalysts are still not clear enough. In‐situ characterization is a powerful tool to gain insight into the reaction process. This review introduces several types of in‐situ techniques such as in‐situ XAS, in‐situ FTIR and in‐situ DEMS, summarizes five pathways for converting *NO as the key intermediate to NH3 during ENO3RA on Cu‐based catalysts. The research progress of Cu‐based electrocatalysts in recent years is sorted out from the aspects of composition and structure, and the catalytic mechanisms were discussed with the help of in‐situ characterization technologies. This review would be of help to provide reference characterization methods for exploring the mechanism and the design of electrocatalysts for ENO3RA.

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Selective conversion of nitrate to nitrogen by CuNi alloys embedded mesoporous carbon with breakpoint chlorination

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Confinement engineering for enhanced electrocatalytic nitrate reduction by integrating B-doped graphene with iron catalysts for long-term stability

Confinement engineering for enhanced electrocatalytic nitrate reduction by integrating B-doped graphene with iron catalysts for long-term stability

Advances in Nitrogen-Rich Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Modern Technologies

In‐Situ Characterization Technologies for Electrocatalytic Reduction nitrate to Ammonia on Copper‐Based Catalysts

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