Selective conversion of biomass-derived furfuryl alcohol into n-butyl levulinate over sulfonic acid functionalized TiO2 nanotubes

Zhou, Shuolin; Lai, Jinhua; Liu, Xianxiang; Huang, Guohong; You, Gaolin; Xu, Qiong; Yin, Daqiang

doi:10.1016/j.gee.2020.09.009

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Additionally, BMF ( m / z = 154) (Figure S2), the intermediate I ( m / z = 154) and III ( m / z = 173) during the reaction process were also identified by GC–MS techniques (Figure S3). According to the above results and that of previously reported literature, [ 28,29 ] the mechanism of alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol to n ‐butyl levulinate was proposed in the presence of 5‐sulfosalicylic acid catalyst. This mechanism involves three consecutive processes (Scheme 2).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Efficient alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol to n‐butyl levulinate catalyzed by 5‐sulfosalicylic acid

Zhao

Ding

et al. 2021

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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It is urgent to study the utilization of biomass energy to solve the environmental problems caused by the excessive use of fossil fuels. In this study, a rapid and efficient route for the conversion of furfuryl alcohol (FA) into n-butyl levulinate (BL) has been catalyzed by 5-sulfosalicylic acid. The nearly complete conversion of FA and a considerable 99.7% selectivity of BL are obtained under the optimal conditions. Based on the experimental results, a possible mechanism for the alcoholysis of FA is proposed. The present study provided a promising way for alkyl levulinates synthesis over economical and environmentally benign catalysts.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Efficient alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol to n‐butyl levulinate catalyzed by 5‐sulfosalicylic acid

Zhao

Ding

et al. 2021

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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“…(Figure 10) The material was used as an efficient and reusable solid acid catalyst for the promotion of the synthesis of biscoumarin derivatives in water showing excellent performances. Recently, TiO 2 -SO 3 H (26) was tested in different acid catalyzed reactions from the pharmaceutical chemistry for the synthesis of thiazolidinones by the solvent-free multicomponent reaction [58] to the organic reactions involved in the biomass conversion as the synthesis of levulinates [59], production of HMF [60] or glycerol etherification [49].…”

Section: Sulfonic-titania Based Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synthesis of alkyl levulinates has attracted considerable attention as an alternative biosource due to their potential applications as fuel additives, green solvent and industrial chemicals. Zhou et al [59] carried out the synthesis of sulfonic TiO 2 nanotubes, according the approach described in Figure 10, and investigated the catalytic performance of the materials in mild conditions with good results both in terms of levulinate production and in terms of stability of the materials, without any leaching on sulfonic groups after several cycles.…”

Section: Sulfonic-titania Based Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfonic Acid-Functionalized Inorganic Materials as Efficient Catalysts in Various Applications: A Minireview

Testa

Parola

2021

Catalysts

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Acid catalysis is widely used in the chemical industry, and nowadays many efforts are being focused on replacing the more common homogeneous catalysts with heterogeneous ones in order to make greener the industrial processes. In this perspective, sulfonic solid acid materials represent a valid alternative to the homogenous mineral acid in several acid catalyzed reactions. In this minireview, an overview of the recent advances on the preparation, stability and application of these materials is reported. Special attention is addressed to the sustainability of the considered processes, starting from the catalyst’s preparation, the use of green solvents and reducing the possible reaction steps. Ways to tackle the main drawback represented by easy leaching of acid groups are described. For an easy catalyst recovery, the use of a magnetic core in a catalyst particle, with the related synthetic approaches, is also illustrated. Finally, a section is dedicated to the principal characterization techniques to identify the structural properties of the catalysts.

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“…3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) ( Duong et al, 2018 ), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) ( Pontón et al, 2014 ), [1-(2-amino-ethyl)-3-aminopropyl]trimethoxy silane (AAPTS) ( Wang et al, 2013 ), octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTS) ( Chao et al, 2013 ), and octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODS) ( Niu and Cai, 2009 ) have been reported in the literature as chemical modifiers of the TNT surface. Furthermore, hydrothermally synthesized TNTs can be further functionalized by the integration of acidic functional groups to increase the acidity of TNTs in our previous work ( Zhou L. et al, 2018 ; Zhou et al, 2019 ; Zhou et al, 2022 ). These studies mean that TNTs as a support material that can be rationally designed and modified as a much higher performance solid acid catalyst, which would bring a wide range of catalytic applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titania Nanotubes-Bonded Sulfamic Acid as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of n-Butyl Levulinate

et al. 2022

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The titania nanotubes-bonded sulfamic acid (TNTs-NHSO3H) catalyst was designed and successfully fabricated by the post-synthesis modification method. The as-prepared catalyst was characterized by a variety of characterization techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and thermogravimetry-differential thermal gravimetry (TG-DTG). The crystal structure of the TNTs still maintained during the modification process. Although the BET surface area was decreased, the amount of Brønsted acid sites can be efficiently fabricated on the TNTs. The catalytic activity of TNTs-NHSO3H was examined for the synthesis of n-butyl levulinate (BL) from levulinic acid (LA) and furfuryl alcohol (FA). A relatively high selectivity (99.6%) at 99.3% LA conversion was achieved for esterification of levulinic acid owing to the strong Brønsted acidity sites. And also, the TNTs-NHSO3H catalyst exhibited a higher reactivity for alcoholysis of FA and the yield of BL reached 90.4% with 100% FA conversion was obtained under the mild conditions.

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Selective conversion of biomass-derived furfuryl alcohol into n-butyl levulinate over sulfonic acid functionalized TiO2 nanotubes

Cited by 40 publications

References 57 publications

Efficient alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol to n‐butyl levulinate catalyzed by 5‐sulfosalicylic acid

Efficient alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol to n‐butyl levulinate catalyzed by 5‐sulfosalicylic acid

Sulfonic Acid-Functionalized Inorganic Materials as Efficient Catalysts in Various Applications: A Minireview

Titania Nanotubes-Bonded Sulfamic Acid as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of n-Butyl Levulinate

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