Selective Catalytic Synthesis Using the Combination of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen: Catalytic Chess at the Interface of Energy and Chemistry

Abstract

The present Review highlights the challenges and opportunities when using the combination CO2 /H2 as a C1 synthon in catalytic reactions and processes. The transformations are classified according to the reduction level and the bond-forming processes, covering the value chain from high volume basic chemicals to complex molecules, including biologically active substances. Whereas some of these concepts can facilitate the transition of the energy system by harvesting renewable energy into chemical products, others provide options to reduce the environmental impact of chemical production already in today's petrochemical-based industry. Interdisciplinary fundamental research from chemists and chemical engineers can make important contributions to sustainable development at the interface of the energetic and chemical value chain. The present Review invites the reader to enjoy this exciting area of "catalytic chess" and maybe even to start playing some games in her or his laboratory.

Iridium Catalysts with Diazole-containing Ligands for Hydrogen Generation by Formic Acid Dehydrogenation

“…An interesting approach is the synthesis of FA from H2 and CO2 using homogeneous catalysts 4),5), 28) , which can be regarded as a H2 storage system with CO2 utilization (Fig. 1).…”

Efficient Cobalt‐Catalyzed Methylation of Amines Using Methanol

“…[1] Nmethylamines are key structure motifs in various biologically active natural compounds and hence are an integral part of tremendous pharmaceutical and agrochemical products (for example, Lexapro, Venlafaxine, Pheniramine and Piriton). [1] Nmethylamines are key structure motifs in various biologically active natural compounds and hence are an integral part of tremendous pharmaceutical and agrochemical products (for example, Lexapro, Venlafaxine, Pheniramine and Piriton).…”

“…Recently, reductive methylation of amine with CO 2 , [5][6] dimethyl carbonate, [7] or formic acid [8] using reducing agents such as silanes or boranes has been presented for the production of N-methylamines under milder conditions, however, availability and energy requirements for the reducing reagents, as well as the E factor caused by the by-products still remain an issue. [1,5] N-methylation of amines using methanol is a promising green and sustainable method for synthesis of N-methylamines with H 2 O as the only byproduct. [1,5] N-methylation of amines using methanol is a promising green and sustainable method for synthesis of N-methylamines with H 2 O as the only byproduct.…”

Desarrollo de sulfuros clúster de metales del grupo seis y sus aplicaciones catalíticas

“…El interés de esta reacción radica en su potencial para eliminar el CO2 atmosférico, así como en su capacidad para almacenar hidrógeno. [73,74] Además, la actividad catalítica de los sistemas rutenio-fosfina en la hidrogenación de CO2 ha sido descrita previamente por numerosos autores. [67,75,76] La hidrogenación de CO2 presenta una gran relevancia desde el punto de vista medioambiental y constituye un objetivo prioritario en los programas de investigación de muchas agencias, tanto nacionales como internacionales.…”

“…Klankermayer, Leitner y colaboradores han acuñado recientemente el término "ajedrez catalítico", en el que exponen que la hidrogenación catalítica de CO2 debe controlarse de manera estratégica tal como sucede en una partida de ajedrez (ver figura 6.19). [74] De esta forma, las diferentes etapas de esta reacción se muestran en el eje Y en función de los equivalentes de H2 necesarios para conseguirlas. Por otra parte, el eje X representa la complejidad molecular en sentido creciente según los enlaces carbono-carbono o carbonoheteroátomo que se forman.…”