Selective and effective adsorption of malachite green and methylene blue on a non-toxic, biodegradable, and reusable fenugreek galactomannan gum coupled MnO2 mesoporous hydrogel

Batch Experimental Studies and Statistical Modeling for the Effective Removal of Tetracycline from Wastewater Using Bimetallic Zn–Cu-Metal–Organic Framework@Hydrogel Composite Beads

“…It was observed from the graph that the surface area and pore volume of Zn–Cu-BDC@CA CBs dropped from 14.699 to 8.425 m 2 /g and 0.0248 to 0.0195 cm 3 /g, respectively, owing to the adsorption of TC on the adsorbent’s surface. As a result, the BET analysis confirmed that TC was successfully adsorbed on Zn–Cu-BDC@CA CBs . Furthermore, the XRD analysis of Zn–Cu-BDC@CA CBs before and after the adsorption of TC is depicted in Figure S8.…”

“…As a result, the BET analysis confirmed that TC was successfully adsorbed on Zn−Cu-BDC@CA CBs. 37 Furthermore, the XRD analysis of Zn−Cu-BDC@CA CBs before and after the adsorption of TC is depicted in Figure S8. Following adsorption, there was a slight decrease in the XRD peak intensities, indicating the successful adsorption of TC onto the surface of Zn−Cu-BDC@CA CBs.…”

“…In three replications, each experiment was carried out. The following equations were used to determine the adsorption capacity ( Q e , mg/g) and removal efficiency (RE, %) of TC solution. − Q e = ( C 0 − C normale ) × V W RE % = false( C 0 − C e false) C 0 × 100 …”

Simultaneous Adsorption of Th(IV) and U(VI) Ions from Aqueous Solutions by a Tannic-Acid-Modified Nanomagnetite Adsorbent

“…Furthermore, no saturation could occur on these adsorption sites. The equation for the Langmuir model can be represented as C e q e = 1 b · Q m + C e Q e where C e is the concentration of Th(IV)/U(VI) ions at equilibrium, Q m and q e are the adsorption capacities at maximum and at equilibrium, respectively, and b is the Langmuir constant. From Table S3, the regression coefficients for both the ions were determined to be higher ((R 2 = 0.9962 for Th(IV) and R 2 = 0.99865) for U(VI)), thus showing an agreement with the monolayer sorption of ions on TA@Fe 3 O 4 (Figure (a, d)), implying an excellent correlation with the Langmuir isotherm model.…”

Adsorptive Removal of Nitrophenols from Water by Biomass-Derived Carbon Nano-Onions

“…where q e denotes the quantity of nitrophenols adsorbed onto the absorbent at equilibrium (mg g –1 ), C e represents the equilibrium concentration of nitrophenols (mg L –1 ), the maximum adsorption capacity is represented by q max in mg g –1 , and the Langmuir adsorption constant is denoted by K L (L mg –1 ), which represents the binding sites’ affinity and adsorption energy. Moreover, for multilayer adsorption, the Freundlich isotherm model is used, which can be represented by eq ln nobreak0em0.25em⁡ q e = ln nobreak0em0.25em⁡ K F + 1 / n 0.25em ln nobreak0em0.25em⁡ C e …”