Selective alterations of glycosaminoglycans synthesis and proteoglycan expression in rat cortex and hippocampus in pilocarpine-induced epilepsy

Naffah-Mazzacoratti, Maria da Graça; Porcionatto, Marimélia; Amado, Débora; Silva, R; Bellissimo, Maria Ines; Nader, Helena B.; Cavalheiro, Ésper A.

doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(99)00195-1

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These responses included release of protease, changes in the localization and synthesis of ECM molecules (e.g. FN, reelin, and glycosaminoglycans), and activation of integrin-intracellular signaling pathways following seizure activity in the hippocampus (Gong et al, 2007; Hoffman et al, 1998b; Hoffman et al, 1998c; Naffah-Mazzacoratti et al, 1999; Perosa et al, 2002a; Perosa et al, 2002b). In animal epilepsy and in human TLE, neurons in hippocampus undergo extensive remodeling, including acute neurodegeneration and intracellular signaling adjustments, and chronic processes including reorganization of mossy fibers, dispersion of the DGC layer and the appearance in ectopic locations within the dentate gyrus.…”

Section: Physiological and Pathological Roles Of Integrins In Braimentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrins as receptor targets for neurological disorders

Reddy

2012

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

136

131

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This review focuses on the neurobiology of integrins, pathophysiological roles of integrins in neuroplasticity and nervous system disorders, and therapeutic implications of integrins as potential drug targets and possible delivery pathways. Neuroplasticity is a central phenomenon in many neurological conditions such as seizures, trauma, and traumatic brain injury. During the course of many brain diseases, in addition to intracellular compartment changes, alterations in non-cell compartments such as extracellular matrix (ECM) are recognized as an essential process in forming and reorganizing neural connections. Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors that mediate cell–ECM and cell–cell adhesion events. Although the mechanisms of neuroplasticity remain unclear, it has been suggested that integrins undergo plasticity including clustering through interactions with ECM proteins, modulating ion channels, intracellular Ca2+ and protein kinases signaling, and reorganization of cytoskeletal filaments. As cell surface receptors, integrins are central to the pathophysiology of many brain diseases, such as epilepsy, and are potential targets for the development of new drugs for neurological disorders.

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Section: Physiological and Pathological Roles Of Integrins In Braimentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrins as receptor targets for neurological disorders

Reddy

2012

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

136

131

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“…Overwhelming evidence also indicates that these molecules play important and diverse roles in the response to brain tissue damage, participating in axon growth inhibition and synaptic plasticity following lesions, as well as seizures (Beggah, et al, 2005, McKeon, et al, 1999, Naffah-Mazzacoratti, et al, 1999, Thon, et al, 2000, for review see Viapiano, et al, 2006. These considerations raise the question of whether, in our samples, CSPG expression in astrocytes may be attributable to physiological processes or, instead, reflect a pathological state, perhaps related to the relatively old age of the subjects included in this study.…”

Section: Distribution Of Wfa-labeling and Functional Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In adult, CSPGs expression was shown to be affected by neuronal activity and stimulation of GABA-A and glycine receptors (Dityatev, et al, 2007, Schwarzacher, et al, 2006. Such a broad range of functions and responsivity to physiological stimuli may account for the high degree of variability between subjects encountered in our study.Overwhelming evidence also indicates that these molecules play important and diverse roles in the response to brain tissue damage, participating in axon growth inhibition and synaptic plasticity following lesions, as well as seizures (Beggah, et al, 2005, McKeon, et al, 1999, Naffah-Mazzacoratti, et al, 1999, Thon, et al, 2000, for review see Viapiano, et al, 2006. These considerations raise the question of whether, in our samples, CSPG expression in astrocytes may be attributable to physiological processes or, instead, reflect a pathological state, perhaps related to the relatively old age of the subjects included in this study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Total number, distribution, and phenotype of cells expressing chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in the normal human amygdala

2008

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Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are a key structural component of the brain extracellular matrix. They are involved in critical neurodevelopmental functions and are one of the main components of pericellular aggregates known as perineuronal nets. As a step toward investigating their functional and pathophysiological roles in the human amygdala, we assessed the pattern of CSPG expression in the normal human amygdala using wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) lectinhistochemistry. Total numbers of WFA-labeled elements were measured in the lateral (LN), basal (BN), accessory basal (ABN) and cortical (CO) nuclei of the amygdala from 15 normal adult human subjects. For interspecies qualitative comparison, we also investigated the pattern of WFA labeling in the amygdala of naïve rats (n=32) and rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta; n=6). In human amygdala, WFA lectin-histochemistry resulted in labeling of perineuronal nets and cells with clear glial morphology, while neurons did not show WFA-labeling. Total numbers of WFA-labeled glial cells showed high interindividual variability. These cells aggregated in clusters with a consistent betweensubjects spatial distribution. In a subset of human subjects (n=5), dual color fluorescence using an antibody raised against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and WFA showed that the majority (93.7%) of WFA-labeled glial cells correspond to astrocytes. In rat and monkey amygdala, WFA histochemistry labeled perineuronal nets, but not glial cells. These results suggest that astrocytes are the main cell type expressing CSPGs in the adult human amygdala. Their highly segregated distribution pattern suggests that these cells serve specialized functions within human amygdalar nuclei. Keywordsastrocyte; perineuronal net; glial fibrillary acidic protein; dual fluorescence microscopy; postmortem; wisteria floribunda agglutinin Corresponding Author: Sabina Berretta, M.D., McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont MA 02478, Phone: (617) Fax: (617) 855-3850, E-mail: s.berretta@mclean.harvard.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access INTRODUCTIONThe adult brain extracellular matrix (ECM) is mainly composed of hyaluronic acid, glycoproteins, and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) predominantly belonging to the lectican family (Ruoslahti, 1996, Viapiano, et al., 2006, Yamaguchi, 2000. During development, the CSPG spatio-temporal expression is tightly regulated, as these molecules are involved in processes such as cell differentiation and migration, axon growth and guidance. (Bandtlow, et al., 2000...

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“…Since the expression of L1 reaches a peak at the second postnatal week and NCAM is maintained at a high level in the postnatal hippocampus (Persohn and Schachner 1990;Liljelund et al 1994), it is interesting to examine the distribution of neurocan and phosphacan in the developing hippocampus. However, studies on the distribution of these CSPGs in the postnatal hippocampus are limited to fragmentary reports on neonatal and adult hippocampus (Haas et al 1999;Snyder et al 1996;Naffah-Mazzacoratti et al 1999;Wilson and Snow 2000). In the present study, we examined the immunochemical distribution of neurocan and phosphacan in the developing and mature hippocampus of the rat in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The 9.5-kb and 6.4-kb transcripts encode full-length RPTPζ/β and deletion variant RPTPζ/β (dv RPTPζ/β) respectively . The expression of phosphacan or RPTPζ/β in the postnatal hippocampus suggests its role in the maturation and maintenance of synaptic structure and function Engel et al 1996;Snyder et al 1996;Naffah-Mazzacoratti et al 1999;Wilson and Snow 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmentally regulated expression of brain-specific chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, neurocan and phosphacan, in the postnatal rat hippocampus

Okamoto

Sakiyama

Kurazono

et al. 2001

Cell and Tissue Research

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Developmental changes in the distribution of brain-specific chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, neurocan and phosphacan/RPTPzeta/beta, in the hippocampus of the Sprague-Dawley rat were examined using monoclonal antibodies 1G2 and 6B4. The 1G2 immunoreactivity was predominant in the neonatal hippocampus while the 6B4 immunoreactivity was predominant in the mature hippocampus. Moderate 1G2 immunoreactivity was detected in the dentate gyrus and subiculum immediately after birth. Immunoreactivity reached a peak on postnatal days 7-10 (P7-P10) when intense 1G2 labeling was present throughout the neuropil layers of the hippocampus except the mossy fiber tract. 6B4 immunoreactivity was limited in the stratum lacunosum moleculare of CA1 in the neonatal hippocampus. It gradually increased by P21 when diffuse 6B4 immunoreactivity was detected in the stratum oriens and radiatum of Ammon's horn, and in the hilus and inner one-third molecular layer of the dentate gyrus, while 1G2 immunoreactivity decreased after P21. In the adult hippocampus, moderate 6B4 immunoreactivity was present in the stratum oriens and radiatum of Ammon's horn, and in the hilus and inner one-third molecular layer of the dentate gyrus, but not in the mossy fiber tract. In addition, strong 6B4 labeling appeared around a subset of neurons after P21. The results suggest that neurocan may have a role in the development of neuronal organization, while phosphacan/RPTPzeta/beta may contribute to the maintenance and plasticity of synaptic structure and function. Furthermore, the absence of 1G2 and 6B4 immunoreactivities in the stratum lucidum suggests that neurocan and phosphacan/RPTPzeta/beta may function as a barrier for the extension of mossy fibers and provide an environment permissive for fasciculation of the mossy fibers.

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Selective alterations of glycosaminoglycans synthesis and proteoglycan expression in rat cortex and hippocampus in pilocarpine-induced epilepsy

Cited by 36 publications

References 44 publications

Integrins as receptor targets for neurological disorders

Integrins as receptor targets for neurological disorders

Total number, distribution, and phenotype of cells expressing chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in the normal human amygdala

Developmentally regulated expression of brain-specific chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, neurocan and phosphacan, in the postnatal rat hippocampus

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