Selective abdominal venous congestion to investigate cardiorenal interactions in a rat model

Cops, Jirka; Mullens, Wilfried; Verbrugge, Frederik H.; Swennen, Quirine; Reynders, Carmen; Penders, Joris; Rigo, Jean-Michel; Hansen, Dominique

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0197687

Cited by 13 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The chronic effects of abdominal venous congestion were investigated in this model for a period of 12 weeks. The main findings of this study are that (1) 70] were able to develop a rat model to selectively increase the abdominal venous pressure without compromising cardiac function. These findings exclude the effects of a reduced CO on organ functioning in this rat model.…”

Section: Development Of a New Rat Model Of Abdominal Venous Congestionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In conclusion, this rat model offers the unique possibility of studying abdominal venous congestion in heart failure and by extension in the cardiorenal syndrome [70,71]. This is important since it remains unclear in which manner venous congestion contributes to cardiac and renal dysfunction in patients, and to develop effective therapeutic strategies in the future.…”

Section: Development Of a New Rat Model Of Abdominal Venous Congestionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Recently, the authors developed a new rat model of abdominal venous congestion by addressing these aforementioned limitations [70]. They opted to constrict the IVC in the thoracic cavity in an easy-accessible rat model.…”

Section: Development Of a New Rat Model Of Abdominal Venous Congestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, these models are not truly a model of congestion, as explained before. Since an increased CVP is such a strong determinant of congestion, a whole spectrum of techniques has been described to constrict the IVC in an attempt to increase the CVP, above the upper limit of normal, and in this [70] Cops et al 2018 [71] The experimental technique, anatomical position, degree of constriction, hemodynamic, or echocardiographic measurements to confirm presence of increased venous pressure, species, and time frame specified for each subdiaphragmatic venous congestion animal model are noted. Time frame is stated as acute (minutes to hours), subacute (days), or chronic (weeks).…”

Section: General Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current animal models for the study of congestion in heart failure: an overview

et al. 2019

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Congestion (i.e., backward failure) is an important culprit mechanism driving disease progression in heart failure. Nevertheless, congestion remains often underappreciated and clinicians underestimate the importance of congestion on the pathophysiology of decompensation in heart failure. In patients, it is however difficult to study how isolated congestion contributes to organ dysfunction, since heart failure and chronic kidney disease very often coexist in the so-called cardiorenal syndrome. Here, we review the existing relevant and suitable backward heart failure animal models to induce congestion, induced in the left-(i.e., myocardial infarction, rapid ventricular pacing) or right-sided heart (i.e., aorta-caval shunt, mitral valve regurgitation, and monocrotaline), and more specific animal models of congestion, induced by saline infusion or inferior vena cava constriction. Next, we examine critically how representative they are for the clinical situation. After all, a relevant animal model of isolated congestion offers the unique possibility of studying the effects of congestion in heart failure and the cardiorenal syndrome, separately from forward failure (i.e., impaired cardiac output). In this respect, new treatment options can be discovered.

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Section: Development Of a New Rat Model Of Abdominal Venous Congestionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Development Of a New Rat Model Of Abdominal Venous Congestionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Development Of a New Rat Model Of Abdominal Venous Congestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Current animal models for the study of congestion in heart failure: an overview

et al. 2019

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“…It remains unclear how isolated venous congestion, separate from cardiac dysfunction, leads to heart and kidney failure in patients 13,14 . However, this can be studied in a rat model with selectively increased abdominal venous pressure, which can be accomplished by permanently constricting the thoracic inferior vena cava (IVC) 15 . It has already been shown that such a model did not compromise cardiac preload or contractile function, while important alterations in kidney morphology and function were observed after twelve weeks 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective abdominal venous congestion induces adverse renal and hepatic morphological and functional alterations despite a preserved cardiac function

Cops

Mullens

Verbrugge

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Venous congestion is an important contributor to worsening renal function in heart failure and the cardiorenal syndrome. In patients, it is difficult to study the effects of isolated venous congestion on organ function. In this study, the consequences of isolated abdominal venous congestion on morphology and function of the kidneys, liver and heart were studied in a rat model. Twelve sham-operated (SHAM) male Sprague Dawley rats were compared to eleven inferior vena cava-constricted (IVCc) rats for twenty-one weeks. Abdominal venous pressure was significantly higher in the IVCc versus SHAM group (p < 0.0001). Indices of liver and kidney weight, function and morphology, inflammation as well as collagen deposition were significantly increased in the IVCc compared to SHAM group, (p < 0.05). Echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters were largely unaffected by abdominal venous congestion. In this rat model of isolated abdominal venous congestion, retrogradely conducted glomerular hypertension without a concomitant change in glomerular filtration rate was observed. Adverse short-term hepatic morphological alterations were developed which explain the observed organ function dysfunction. Importantly, cardiac function remained comparable between both groups. This study provides relevant insight in the pathophysiology of abdominal congestion on organ function.

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Congestive nephropathy: a neglected entity? Proposal for diagnostic criteria and future perspectives

et al. 2020

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Venous congestion has emerged as an important cause of renal dysfunction in patients with cardiorenal syndrome. However, only limited progress has been made in differentiating this haemodynamic phenotype of renal dysfunction, because of a significant overlap with pre‐existing renal impairment due to long‐term hypertension, diabetes, and renovascular disease. We propose congestive nephropathy (CN) as this neglected clinical entity. CN is a potentially reversible subtype of renal dysfunction associated with declining renal venous outflow and progressively increasing renal interstitial pressure. Venous congestion may lead to a vicious cycle of hormonal activation, increased intra‐abdominal pressure, excessive renal tubular sodium reabsorption, and volume overload, leading to further right ventricular (RV) stress. Ultimately, renal replacement therapy may be required to relieve diuretic‐resistant congestion. Effective decongestion could preserve or improve renal function. Congestive acute kidney injury may not be associated with cellular damage, and complete renal function restoration may be a confirmatory diagnostic criterion. In contrast, a persistently low renal perfusion pressure might induce renal dysfunction and histopathological lesions with time. Thus, urinary markers may differ. CN is mostly seen in biventricular heart failure but may also occur secondary to pulmonary arterial hypertension and elevated intra‐abdominal pressure. An increase in central venous pressure to >6 mmHg is associated with a steep decrease in glomerular filtration rate. However, the central venous pressure range that can provide an optimal balance of RV and renal function remains to be determined. We propose criteria to identify cardiorenal syndrome subgroups likely to benefit from decongestive or pulmonary hypertension‐specific therapies and suggest areas for future research.

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Selective abdominal venous congestion to investigate cardiorenal interactions in a rat model

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Current animal models for the study of congestion in heart failure: an overview

Current animal models for the study of congestion in heart failure: an overview

Selective abdominal venous congestion induces adverse renal and hepatic morphological and functional alterations despite a preserved cardiac function

Congestive nephropathy: a neglected entity? Proposal for diagnostic criteria and future perspectives

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